Ecological Risk of Nonylphenol in China Surface Waters Based on Reproductive Fitness
Ecological Risk of Nonylphenol in China Surface Waters Based on Reproductive Fitness
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DOI：
10.1021/es403781z
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发表时间：
2014-01-21
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Wang, Zijian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jin, Xiaowei;Wang, Yeyao;Wang, Zijian
人们认识到，基于传统毒性终点的生态风险评估无法提供充分的保护，因为某些化学品在浓度低得多的情况下就可能影响水生生物的生殖适宜性。在本文中，预测无效应浓度（PNECs）的4-壬基酚（NP）的基础上的生存，发育和生长的终点或一些非致死性生物标志物的生殖，生物化学和分子生物学数据。生殖损害的PNEC范围为0.12 - 0.60 μ g NP L-1，显著低于其他终点。根据中国4大流域16个表层水体中NP的浓度水平和基于生殖适宜度的PNEC值，采用分层生态风险评价（ERA）方法，评价了NP对中国表层沃茨水生生物的生态风险。结果表明，以5%（HC 5）和1%（HCl）为水生生物保护阈值，中国有14.2%和76.5%的地表沃茨可能存在由生殖适合度引起的生态风险。长江流域的风险明显高于其他主要流域。与根据传统终点（如致死率）评估的风险相比，对于那些因调节内分泌功能而对生殖产生不利影响的化学品而言，为了保护生态系统的结构和功能，根据生殖的亚致死效应确定的较低的预测无效应浓度是适当的。
It has been recognized that ecological risk assessment based on traditional endpoints of toxicity are unable to provide adequate protection because some chemicals may affect reproductive fitness of aquatic organisms at much lower concentrations. In this paper, predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) for 4-nonylphenol (NP) were derived based either on endpoints of survival, development, and growth or on some nonlethal biomarkers of reproduction, biochemical and molecular biology data. The PNECs derived from reproductive lesion ranged from 0.12 to 0.60 mu g NP L-1, which was significantly lower than those derived from other endpoints. An assessment of ecological risks posed by NP to aquatic organisms in surface waters of China was conducted based on concentration levels of NP in 16 surface wafers of 4 major river basins and PNECs derived from reproductive fitness by a tiered ecological risk assessment (ERA). The results showed that 14.2% and 76.5% of surface waters in China may have ecological risks resulting from reproductive fitness if the thresholds of protection for aquatic organisms were set up as 5% (HC5) and 1% (HCl), respectively. The risks were significantly greatest in the Yangtze River Basin than in other major river basins. In comparison with the risks assessed based on traditional endpoints, such as lethality, for those chemicals causing adverse effects on reproduction due to modulation of endocrine function, to be protective of ecosystem structure and function, lesser PNECs, based on sublethal effects of reproduction, were appropriate.