Use of sunscreen, sunburning rates, and tanning bed use among more than 10 000 US children and adolescents
Use of sunscreen, sunburning rates, and tanning bed use among more than 10 000 US children and adolescents
复制标题
DOI：
10.1542/peds.109.6.1009
复制
发表时间：
2002-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Frazier, AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geller, AC;Colditz, G;Frazier, AL
目标.通过年龄、性别、居住地和与寻求晒黑行为相关的社会心理变量来描述防晒霜使用、晒伤和晒黑床使用之间的关联，并将这些发现与联邦机构和癌症组织的防晒建议进行比较。1999年，来自所有50个州的10079名12至18岁的男孩和女孩进行了一项横断面研究。数据来自护士健康研究（今日成长研究）参与者的子女的自我报告问卷。防晒霜使用率为34.4%，女孩比男孩更可能使用防晒霜（40.0 vs 26.4，比值比：1.86; 95%置信区间：1.70-2.03）。83%的受访者在前一个夏天至少有一次晒伤，36%的人有三次或三次以上晒伤。近10%的受访者在过去一年中使用了晒黑床。女孩比男孩更有可能报告使用日光浴床（14.4比2.4），年龄较大的女孩（15-18岁）比年龄较小的女孩（12-14岁）更有可能报告使用日光浴床（24.6%比4.7）。日光浴床的使用从14岁女孩的7%增加到15岁的16%，到17岁又增加了一倍多（35%; N=244）。多变量分析表明，与晒黑相关的态度，如对晒黑皮肤的偏好，有许多朋友被晒黑，并相信燃烧的价值得到晒黑，通常与零星的防晒霜使用，更频繁的晒伤，并增加使用晒黑床。我们的研究结果表明，许多儿童由于使用不理想的防晒霜、高晒伤率和使用晒黑床而有患皮肤癌的风险。美国在1990年代初提出了改善防晒和避免晒黑床和晒伤的建议，但基本上没有受到重视。必须发展和维持具有强有力政策组成部分的国家协调运动，以预防新一代儿童和青少年患皮肤癌。
Objectives. To describe the association of sunscreen use, sunburning, and tanning bed use by age, sex, residence, and psychosocial variables associated with tan-seeking behaviors, and to compare these findings with sun protection recommendations from federal agencies and cancer organizations.Methods. A cross-sectional study, from all 50 states, of 10 079 boys and girls 12 to 18 years of age in 1999. Data were collected from self-report questionnaires with the children of the participants from the Nurses Health Study (Growing Up Today Study).Results. The prevalence of sunscreen use was 34.4% with girls more likely to use sunscreen than boys (40.0 vs 26.4, odds ratio: 1.86; 95% confidence interval: 1.70-2.03). Eighty-three percent of respondents had at least 1 sunburn during the previous summer, and 36% had 3 or more sunburns. Nearly 10% of respondents used a tanning bed during the previous year. Girls were far more likely than boys to report tanning bed use (14.4 vs 2.4), and older girls (ages 15-18) were far more likely than younger girls (ages 12-14) to report tanning bed use (24.6% vs 4.7). Tanning bed use increased from 7% among 14-year-old girls to 16% by age 15, and more than doubled again by age 17 (35%; N=244). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that attitudes associated with tanning, such as the preference for tanned skin, having many friends who were tanned, and belief in the worth of burning to get a tan, were generally associated with sporadic sunscreen use, more frequent sunburns, and increased use of tanning beds.Conclusions. Our findings suggest that many children are at subsequent risk of skin cancer because of suboptimal sunscreen use, high rates of sunburning, and tanning bed use. Recommendations in the United States for improved sun protection and avoidance of tanning beds and sunburning, which began in the early 1990s, have been primarily unheeded. Nationally coordinated campaigns with strong policy components must be developed and sustained to prevent skin cancer in a new generation of children and adolescents.