Mechanical basis of otoacoustic emissions in tympanal hearing organs

Mechanical basis of otoacoustic emissions in tympanal hearing organs
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鼓室听觉器官耳声发射的力学基础

DOI:
10.1007/s00359-014-0914-2
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
Journal of Comparative Physiology A
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kössl M
Kössl M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Möckel D;Nowotny M;Kössl M

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昆虫的鼓膜听觉器官发出畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAEs),其在哺乳动物中被用作非线性耳蜗放大的指示器,并且其非常容易受到干扰动物生理状态的操纵。虽然在以前的研究中,提供了证据的参与听觉机械感受器,DPOAE产生的来源和可能的积极机制,在鼓室器官仍然未知。使用激光多普勒振动仪在蝗虫耳朵,我们表明,DPOAE机械出现在鼓室区的听觉机械感受器连接。这些发射耦合振动显着不同的鼓室波引起的外部纯音相同的频率,在波的传播,能量分布,和振幅最大值的位置。选择性失活的听觉感受器细胞的机械损伤并不影响鼓室的反应,外部纯音,但取消了发射的位移振幅峰。这些研究结果提供的证据表明,鼓室听觉感受器,相当于哺乳动物的情况下,包括所需的非线性响应特性,在双音刺激导致额外的,高度局部化的鼓室偏转。
Tympanal hearing organs of insects emit distortion–product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), which in mammals are used as indicator for nonlinear cochlear amplification, and which are highly vulnerable to manipulations interfering with the animal’s physiological state. Although in previous studies, evidence was provided for the involvement of auditory mechanoreceptors, the source of DPOAE generation and possible active mechanisms in tympanal organs remained unknown. Using laser Doppler vibrometry in the locust ear, we show that DPOAEs mechanically emerge at the tympanum region where the auditory mechanoreceptors are attached. Those emission-coupled vibrations differed remarkably from tympanum waves evoked by external pure tones of the same frequency, in terms of wave propagation, energy distribution, and location of amplitude maxima. Selective inactivation of the auditory receptor cells by mechanical lesions did not affect the tympanum’s response to external pure tones, but abolished the emission’s displacement amplitude peak. These findings provide evidence that tympanal auditory receptors, comparable to the situation in mammals, comprise the required nonlinear response characteristics, which during two-tone stimulation lead to additional, highly localized deflections of the tympanum.
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