Natural and anthropogenic processes contributing to metal enrichment in surface soils of central Pennsylvania
Natural and anthropogenic processes contributing to metal enrichment in surface soils of central Pennsylvania
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自然和人为过程导致宾夕法尼亚州中部表层土壤金属富集
DOI：
10.1007/s10533-015-0068-5
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Brantley, S. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kraepiel, A. M.;Dere, A. L.;Herndon, E. M.;Brantley, S. L.
土壤中的金属可能对植物以及土壤微生物和中型动物产生积极或消极影响，这取决于其丰度和生物利用度。大气沉积和生物抬升通常导致表层土壤中金属富集，但这些过程的相对重要性并不总是得到解决。在这里，我们使用了一个综合的方法来研究循环的磷和一套金属从土壤到冠层（和回）在温带流域。这些表层土壤中元素的行为分为三类。首先，铝，铁，钒，钴，铬显示很少或没有富集在土壤表层，其浓度主要是由土壤生产通量与大气输入或生物活动的影响很小。第二，由于大气沉降和生物抬升的共同作用，表层土壤中P、Cu、Zn和Cd中度富集。在我们研究的金属，铜，锌和镉在表层土壤中的浓度是最敏感的大气沉降通量的变化。最后，钼和锰表现出强烈的富集在土壤表层，不能严格解释目前的大气沉积或生物循环过程，但可能反映了他们独特的化学和残留的过去人为通量。Mn在土壤中的停留时间较长，部分原因是强烈的生物抬升将Mn保留在土壤表层。尽管钼的溶解度很高，但由于与天然有机质的强结合，钼仍保留在土壤中。这项研究表明，需要同时考虑植被和土壤，以了解土壤剖面内的元素分布以及流域内的循环。
Metals in soils may positively or negatively affect plants as well as soil micro-organisms and mesofauna, depending on their abundance and bioavailability. Atmospheric deposition and biological uplift commonly result in metal enrichment in surface soils, but the relative importance of these processes is not always resolved. Here, we used an integrated approach to study the cycling of phosphorus and a suite of metals from the soil to the canopy (and back) in a temperate watershed. The behavior of elements in these surface soils fell into three categories. First, Al, Fe, V, Co, and Cr showed little to no enrichment in the top soil layers, and their concentrations were determined primarily by soil production fluxes with little influence of either atmospheric inputs or biological activity. Second, P, Cu, Zn and Cd were moderately enriched in surface soils due to a combination of atmospheric deposition and biological uplift. Among the metals we studied, Cu, Zn and Cd concentrations in surface soils were the most sensitive to changes in atmospheric deposition fluxes. Finally, Mo and Mn showed strong enrichment in the top soil layer that could not be explained strictly by either current atmospheric deposition or biological recycling processes, but may reflect both their unique chemistry and remnants of past anthropogenic fluxes. Mn has a long residence time in the soil partly due to intense biological uplift that retains Mn in the top soil layer. Mo, in spite of the high solubility of molybdate, remains in the soil because of strong binding to natural organic matter. This study demonstrates the need to consider simultaneously the vegetation and the soils to understand elemental distribution within soil profiles as well as cycling within watersheds.
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生物/非生物界面对矿质养分循环的影响：对加利福尼亚州圣克鲁斯年代序列土壤的研究
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. White;M. Schulz;D. Vivit;T. Bullen;J. Fitzpatrick
通讯作者：
J. Fitzpatrick
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Naithani KJ;Baldwin DC;Gaines KP;Lin H;Eissenstat DM
通讯作者：
Eissenstat DM
影响因子：
4
作者：
E. Herndon;C. Martínez;S. Brantley
通讯作者：
E. Herndon;C. Martínez;S. Brantley
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Fernando, D. R.;Mizuno, T.;Collins, R. N.
通讯作者：
Collins, R. N.
对“挪威南部土壤 O 地平线样品中的地球化学梯度：自然还是人为？”的评论，作者：C. Reimann、P. Englmaier、B. Flem、L. Gough、P. Lamothe、Ø。
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
E. Steinnes
通讯作者：
E. Steinnes