EFFECTS OF HYPERNATREMIA ON ORGANIC BRAIN OSMOLES
EFFECTS OF HYPERNATREMIA ON ORGANIC BRAIN OSMOLES
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DOI：
10.1172/jci114587
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发表时间：
1990-05-01
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
CHAN, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LIEN, YHH;SHAPIRO, JI;CHAN, L
我们研究了不同程度和持续时间的高钠血症对脑中有机化合物浓度的影响，这些有机化合物被认为是重要的，所谓的“特发性”渗透压通过常规的生化测定，核磁共振光谱和高效液相色谱法。在急性（2小时）高钠血症（血清Na 194 +/- 5 meq/L）大鼠中，这些渗透压摩尔浓度（特别是肌醇、山梨醇、甜菜碱、甘油磷酸胆碱[GPC]、磷酸肌酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸和牛磺酸）无变化。严重（血清钠180 +/- 4 meq/升）慢性（7天）高钠血症，这些渗透压的浓度显着增加，除了山梨醇：肌醇（65%），甜菜碱（54%），GPC（132%），磷酸肌酸（73%），谷氨酰胺（143%），谷氨酸（84%），牛磺酸（78%），尿素（191%）。总之，这些变化占总脑渗透压变化的35%。中度（血清钠159 +/- 3 meq/升）高钠血症，更温和，但这些渗透压浓度的显着增加，除了甜菜碱和山梨醇。当严重慢性高钠血症大鼠自由饮水时，其血清钠以及除肌醇外的所有有机渗透压的脑浓度在2d内恢复正常。结论是：特发性渗透压在患有高钠血症的大鼠脑中的钠调节中起重要作用;这些物质的发展比血清钠的变化更慢;并且肌醇浓度的降低比当动物被允许自由获取水时发生的血清钠的降低明显更慢。这些观察结果可能与高钠血症患者的临床管理有关。
We studied the effects of varying degrees and durations of hypernatremia on the brain concentrations of organic compounds believed to be important, so-called "idiogenic" osmoles in rats by means of conventional biochemical assays, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography. There were no changes in the concentrations of these osmoles (specifically myoinositol, sorbitol, betaine, glycerophosphorylcholine [GPC], phosphocreatine, glutamine, glutamate, and taurine) in rats with acute (2 h) hypernatremia (serum Na 194 +/- 5 meq/liter). With severe (serum Na 180 +/- 4 meq/liter) chronic (7 d) hypernatremia, the concentrations of each of these osmoles except sorbitol increased significantly: myoinositol (65%), betaine (54%), GPC (132%), phosphocreatine (73%), glutamine (143%), glutamate (84%), taurine (78%), and urea (191%). Together, these changes account for 35% of the change in total brain osmolality. With moderate (serum Na 159 +/- 3 meq/liter) hypernatremia, more modest but significant increases in the concentrations of each of these osmoles except betaine and sorbitol were noted. When rats with severe chronic hypernatremia were allowed to drink water freely, their serum sodium as well as the brain concentrations of all of these organic osmoles except myoinositol returned to normal within 2 d. It is concluded that: idiogenic osmoles play an important role in osmoregulation in the brain of rats subjected to hypernatremia; the development of these substances occur more slowly than changes in serum sodium; and the decrease in concentration of myoinositol occurs significantly more slowly than the decrease in serum sodium which occurs when animals are allowed free access to water. These observations may be relevant to the clinical management of patients with hypernatremia.