Activity-footprints, pressures-footprints and effects-footprints - Walking the pathway to determining and managing human impacts in the sea
Activity-footprints, pressures-footprints and effects-footprints - Walking the pathway to determining and managing human impacts in the sea
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111201
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Cormier, Roland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elliott, Michael;Borja, Angel;Cormier, Roland
作为海洋管理的先导，确定人类活动对河口、海洋和海岸的总体影响需要量化三个方面。它们是：（a）人类活动发生的区域，（b）活动对主要栖息地和物种产生的压力所覆盖的区域，其中压力被定义为变化机制，以及（c）发生任何不利影响的区域。这些特征可以分别称为活动足迹、压力足迹和效果足迹。后者又包含了对自然系统的影响和对社会从中获取商品和利益的生态系统服务的影响。这篇观点文章解释了这种类型背后的基本原理，并为这三种类型的足迹提出了定义。
Determining the overall effects of human activities on the estuaries, seas and coasts, as a precursor to marine management, requires quantifying three aspects. These are: (a) the area in which the human activities take place, (b) the area covered by the pressures generated by the activities on the prevailing habitats and species, in which pressures are defined as the mechanisms of change, and (c) the area over which any adverse effects occur. These features can be respectively termed the activities-footprints, the pressures-footprints and the effects-footprints. The latter in turn incorporates both the effects on the natural system and the effects on ecosystem services from which society extracts goods and benefits. This viewpoint article explains the rationale behind this typology and proposes definitions for each of these three types of footprints.