Rape and HIV as Methods of Waging War: Epidemiological Criminology’s Response
Rape and HIV as Methods of Waging War: Epidemiological Criminology’s Response
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强奸和艾滋病毒作为发动战争的方法：流行病学犯罪学的回应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Lanier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ishita Chowdhury;M. Lanier
强奸通常被视为个人实施、审查和概念化的行为，并被解释为对受害者的权力和控制行为。强奸很少被从群体行为的背景和群体动态的函数来审视。在战时，强奸历来与“战利品”联系在一起，直到最近强奸才被用作战争的战术武器。强奸的战术目标之一是使民众士气低落，而更险恶的目标是当系统性强奸与高艾滋病毒感染率相结合（例如非洲大陆大部分地区的情况）时，会促进缓慢的种族灭绝。我们提供综合的理论回应、流行病学犯罪学以及打击这一犯罪的具体政策建议。
Rape is normally committed, examined and conceptualized as an act committed by an individual and is explained as an act of power and control over the victims. Rape is less often examined from the context of group behavior and as a function of group dynamics. In wartime, rape has historically been associated with “spoils of war” and rape has only recently been used a tactical weapon of war. One tactical objective of rape is to demoralize populations and a more sinister objective is to promote slow genocide when systematic rape is coupled with high rates of HIV infection such as is found in much of continental Africa. We provide an integrative theoretical response, Epidemiological Criminology, and specific policy suggestions to combat this crime.