Power analysis and sample size estimation
Power analysis and sample size estimation
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DOI：
10.1177/174498719800300210
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发表时间：
1998-03
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
R. Ingram
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Ingram
在制定定量研究方案的过程中，确定适当的样本量往往是一个困难的决定。新手研究者可能很好地理解需要足够的样本量是一个重要的问题，但缺乏做出明智决定的知识。通常，样本大小将基于实际考虑的限制，如时间或成本，但几乎没有信心样本在任何统计意义上是足够的。本文探讨了功率分析作为一种方法，样本量估计，甚至可以使用新手研究人员提供一个更合理的基础，这样的决定。功率分析的原则和因素，有助于统计功率进行了讨论，功率分析的一个例子应用到一个简单的实验设计。提出了一些反对认为过于强调权力分析的论点。最后，还包括相关文献、计算机软件和万维网资源（见参考书目第139页）。
Determining appropriate sample size is often a difficult decision in the process of developing quantitative research proposals. The novice researcher may well understand that the need for an adequate sample size is an important issue, but lack the knowledge to make an informed decision. Often the sample size will be based on the constraints of practical considerations, such as time or cost, but with little confidence that the sample is adequate in any statistical sense. This paper explores power analysis as an approach to sample size estimation that can be used even by novice researchers to provide a more rational basis for such decisions. The principles underpinning power analysis and the factors that contribute to statistical power are discussed, with an example of power analysis applied to a simple experimental design. Some arguments against a perceived over-emphasis on power analysis are raised. Finally, relevant literature, computer software and World Wide Web resources are included (see Bibliography page 139).