Wire and arc additive manufactured steel: Tensile and wear properties
Wire and arc additive manufactured steel: Tensile and wear properties
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addma.2017.05.010
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Harlow, D. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haden, C., V;Zeng, G.;Harlow, D. G.
本研究系统地研究了基于线的（线和电弧增材制造，称为WAAM）沉积钢金属的机械性能，包括不锈钢304和低碳钢ER7OS。由于金属局部热历史的变化，在沉积方向和Z高度上观察到不锈钢304的磨损和硬度的梯度材料性能。磨损率沿着沉积材料的长度显著下降（p = 5.6 × 10(-12)），从K= 2.62 × 10(-5) mm(3)/N m(+/- 2.32 × 10（-6) mm(3)/N m）到K= 0.63 mm3 × 10(-5) mm3/N m(+/-3.08 × 10-6 mm(3)/N m)，而显微硬度值沿着从mu = 202.3 HV和sigma = 5.82 HV到210.9 HV和sigma = 5.91 HV的相同路径显著增加（p相似于0）。而SS304的屈服强度和极限强度沿沉积方向差异无统计学意义（p = 0.55）。在磨损测试中，在扫描电子显微镜下观察到的聚焦离子束通道中，在这些材料的磨损疤痕正下方观察到晶粒细化。此外，打印低碳钢（ER70S）的屈服强度在垂直和水平试样之间没有显著差异。观察到的不锈钢304的分级机械性能允许改变加工条件，以设计局部优化或功能分级机械性能的零件。(C) 2017 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
The present study systematically investigated the mechanical properties of wire-based (wire and arc additive manufacturing, known as WAAM) deposition of steel metals, both stainless steel 304 and mild steel ER7OS. Graded material properties of stainless steel 304 were observed for wear and hardness in the direction of deposition and in Z height, due to variations in local thermal histories of the metal. Wear rates decreased significantly (p = 5.6 x 10(-12) by one-way ANOVA) along the length of the deposited material, from K = 2.62 x 10(-5 )mm(3)/N m (+/- 2.32 x 10(-6) mm(3)/N m), to K= 0.63 mm3 x 10(-5) mm3/N m (+/-3.08 x 10-6 mm(3)/N m), whereas microhardness values increased significantly (p similar to 0 by one-way ANOVA) along the same path from mu = 202.3 HV and sigma = 5.82 HV to 210.9 HV and sigma = 5.91 HV. The yield and ultimate strength, however, were not found to be statistically significantly different (p = 0.55) along the direction of deposition for SS304. During wear testing, a grain refinement was observed directly beneath the wear scar in these materials in a focused ion beam channel observed under scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, no significant difference in yield strength was observed in printed mild steel (ER70S) between vertical and horizontal specimens. The observed graded mechanical properties in stainless steel 304 allow the opportunity for varying the processing conditions to design parts with locally optimized or functionally graded mechanical properties. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.