The International Implications of China's Fledgling Regulatory State: From Product Maker to Rule Maker
The International Implications of China's Fledgling Regulatory State: From Product Maker to Rule Maker
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DOI：
10.1080/13563460600990731
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发表时间：
2006-12
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
D. Bach;Abraham L. Newman;S. Weber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Bach;Abraham L. Newman;S. Weber
西方决策者和评论家观察中国在国际经济中迅速崛起的主要分析透镜是中国对全球市场价格的影响。中国已经是世界第四大贸易国，拥有世界上最大的劳动力，而超过100万人的消费基础的前景使其成为最具吸引力的新兴市场。由于这种经济实力，无论是在生产还是消费方面，中国已经开始影响大量商品和服务的价格。尽管分析师们对具体细节意见不一，但没有人从根本上质疑这种“中国价格”效应对当前国际经济动态产生了相当大的影响。本文的主要论点是，中国政府正在进行的转型使国家领导人能够影响商业的非市场环境，这种影响力的途径至少与相对市场价格的变化一样重要。一系列国内制度改革为中国决策者提供了工具，以制定国际市场的规则和标准，以及国际市场的竞争条件。我们发现，外国直接投资（FDI）作为中国经济发展的驱动力的特殊重要性放大了正在进行的国内机构能力建设的影响。在确立了自己作为全球“产品制造者”的地位后，下一轮竞争可能会看到中国在全球经济中成为一个强有力的“规则制定者”。事实上，越来越多的证据表明，中国决策者正开始部署其不断扩大的监管能力，在国内制定明确的市场规则，并利用中国市场向国际出口。虽然中国已经令人印象深刻的国内市场在这一战略中发挥着关键作用，但仅凭市场规模是不够的。我们认为，中国影响国际市场规则的能力取决于政策制定者运用新的监管能力的能力，这些能力是二十多年前开始的政治转型的结果。通过一系列行政改革，中国构建了一个羽翼未丰的监管国家，为政策制定者提供了新的
The principal analytical lens through which Western decision makers and commentators have viewed China’s rapid rise in the international economy is the country’s impact on global market prices. China is already the world’s fourth largest trading nation and has the world’s biggest labour force, and the prospect of a possible consumer base of over a million people makes it the most attractive emerging market. Because of this economic might, in both production and consumption, China has begun to shape prices for a large array of goods and services. While analysts disagree about the specifics, no-one fundamentally disputes that this ‘China Price’ effect exerts considerable influence over current international economic dynamics. This article’s main thesis is that the ongoing transformation of the Chinese state is empowering the country’s leaders to influence the non-market environment of business as well, and that this route of influence has the potential of being at least as important as changes in relative market prices. A series of domestic institutional reforms have provided Chinese policy makers with the tools to shape the rules and standards that underlie international markets and the terms of competition within them. We show that the particular importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) as a driver of China’s economic development amplifies the effects of ongoing domestic institutional capacity building. Having established itself as a global ‘product maker’, the next round of competition could see China establish itself as a potent ‘rule maker’ in the global economy. Indeed, evidence is mounting that Chinese policy makers are beginning to deploy their expanding regulatory capabilities to set clear market rules at home and leverage the Chinese market to export them internationally. While China’s already impressive domestic market plays a critical role in this strategy, market size alone is insufficient. We argue that China’s ability to influence international market rules depends on policy makers’ ability to employ new regulatory capabilities that are the result of a political transformation initiated more than two decades ago. Through a series of administrative reforms, China has constructed a fledgling regulatory state that gives policy makers new