Right words and left words: electrophysiological evidence for hemispheric differences in meaning processing
Right words and left words: electrophysiological evidence for hemispheric differences in meaning processing
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0926-6410(99)00036-1
复制
发表时间：
1999-10-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kutas, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Federmeier, KD;Kutas, M
两个大脑半球都参与语言加工，每个半球都扮演着独特的角色，这可能源于知识组织和在线意义整合的差异。在这里，我们研究偏侧化的差异，在知识的表征和检索使用事件相关电位（ERP）引起的句子中的单词。志愿者阅读以三种目标类型结尾的成对句子：（1）预期单词，（2）来自预期语义类别的意外单词，以及（3）来自意外类别的意外单词。背景在注视时一个词接一个词地呈现，而目标在注视的右侧或左侧两度呈现。在两个视野中，对意外结局的ERP均比对预期结局的ERP更负性。然而，当呈现给右视野（左半球）时，来自预期类别的意外项目引起的N400小于来自意外类别的项目。相比之下，当呈现给左视野（右半球）时，所有意想不到的结局都会引起类似幅度的N400。因此，虽然两个半球都对上下文敏感，但只有左半球对意想不到的结局和预期的完成之间的语义相似性敏感。结果表明，在如何将新信息整合到句子中方面存在侧化差异。我们建议，右半球的处理是最好的特点是“集成”，新的信息直接与上下文信息进行比较。相比之下，左半球的处理更好地表征为“预测”;上下文的处理导致对即将到来的项目的语义特征的期望，新信息与该期望相比，而不是直接与上下文。(C)1999 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
Both cerebral hemispheres are involved in language processing, each playing a unique role that may derive from differences in knowledge organization and on-line meaning integration. Here, we examine lateralized differences in knowledge representation and retrieval using event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by words in sentences. Volunteers read pairs of sentences ending with three target types: (1) expected words, (2) unexpected words from the expected semantic category, and (3) unexpected words from an unexpected category. Context was presented word by word at fixation while targets were presented two degrees to the right or left of fixation. ERPs to unexpected endings were more negative than those to expected endings in both visual fields. However, when presented to the right visual field (left hemisphere), unexpected items from the expected category elicited smaller N400s than those from an unexpected category. In contrast, when presented to the left visual field (right hemisphere) all unexpected endings elicited N400s of similar amplitude. Thus, while both hemispheres are sensitive to context, only the left hemisphere is sensitive to semantic similarity between an unexpected ending and the expected completion. The results suggest lateralized differences in how new information is integrated into sentences. We propose that right hemisphere processing is best characterized as 'integrative'; new information is compared directly with context information. In contrast, left hemisphere processing is better characterized as 'predictive'; the processing of context leads to an expectation about the semantic features of upcoming items and new information is compared with that expectation rather than directly with the context. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.