1923 Gleno Dam Break: Case Study and Numerical Modeling
1923 Gleno Dam Break: Case Study and Numerical Modeling
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1923 年格莱诺大坝决堤：案例研究和数值模拟
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Valerio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Pilotti;A. Maranzoni;M. Tomirotti;G. Valerio
1923年12月1日上午，位于意大利中部阿尔卑斯山的格雷诺大坝在第一次完全蓄水几天后突然坍塌。泄放水量近4：5×106立方米。随之而来的洪水对下游山谷造成了严重破坏，造成至少356人死亡。这是意大利历史上唯一一起由结构缺陷导致的溃坝事件。因此，它深刻地影响了意大利关于大坝设计和水力风险评估的法规的演变。然而，尽管这一事件具有相关性，但从来没有人从水力学的角度对其进行描述。本文报告了通过分析大量有关格列诺溃坝的历史文献获得的主要信息，以建立一个有助于在山区环境下验证溃坝模型的案例研究。文中还给出了用文献中提出的一阶有限体积数值格式对溃坝波传播进行一维模拟的主要结果。对于地形非常不规则的这种情况，对模型的整体有效性和可靠性进行了评估。最后，对这类事件的数值化重构所要求的几种选择的实用性进行了检验。DOI：10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000327。©2011美国土木工程师学会。CE数据库主题标题：大坝破坏；浅水；数值模型；水力模型；案例研究；意大利。作者关键词：溃坝；一维溃坝模型；浅水；有限体积数值模型；水力灾害；案例研究。
On the morning of December 1, 1923, the Gleno Dam (located in the Central Italian Alps) suddenly collapsed a few days after the first complete reservoir filling. Nearly 4: 5×1 0 6 m 3 of water was released. The consequent inundation caused significant destruction along the downstream valley and a death toll of at least 356 lives. This failure is the only historical case of dam break caused by structural deficiencies that has occurred in Italy. As a result, it has deeply influenced the evolution of Italian regulations regarding dam design and hydraulic risk evaluation. However, in spite of its relevance, this event has never been characterized from a hydraulic standpoint. This paper reports the main information obtained from the analysis of a vast amount of historical documents regarding the Gleno Dam break to set up a case study useful for validating dam-break models in mountain settings. Moreover, it presents the main results of one-dimensional (1D) modeling of the dam break wave propagation accomplished with a first-order finite volume numerical scheme recently proposed in the literature for field applications. The overall effectiveness and reliability of the model are evaluated for this case characterized by very irregular topography. Finally, the practical relevance of several choices that the numerical reconstruction of this kind of event demands is tested. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000327. © 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Dam failures; Shallow water; Numerical models; Hydraulic models; Case studies; Italy. Author keywords: Dam failure; 1D dam-break modeling; Shallow water; Finite volume numerical model; Hydraulic hazard; Case study.