Investigating the roles of transforming growth factor-beta in immune response of Orbicella faveolata, a scleractinian coral
Investigating the roles of transforming growth factor-beta in immune response of Orbicella faveolata, a scleractinian coral
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dci.2020.103639
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mydlarz, Laura D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fuess, Lauren E.;Butler, Caleb C.;Mydlarz, Laura D.
共生关系从寄生到互惠，但所有内共生生物都面临类似的挑战，包括逃避宿主免疫。许多共生生物已经进化出类似的机制来面对这些挑战，包括操纵宿主的转化生长因子- β (TGF β)途径。在这里，我们研究了依赖于与共生科鞭毛藻共生的scelaractian珊瑚的TGF β途径。我们以加勒比珊瑚Orbicella faveolata为研究对象，探讨增强和抑制TGF β通路对宿主基因表达的影响。在转录组学分析之后，我们证明了在缺乏免疫刺激的情况下通路操作的有限效果。然而，TGF β通路的操纵显著影响宿主珊瑚随后发起免疫反应的能力。TGF β通路的增强消除了宿主珊瑚免疫应答的转录组特征，而抑制该通路则维持了应答。据我们所知，这是TGF β在珊瑚中免疫调节作用的第一个证据。这些发现表明TGF - β信号的变化可能与疾病发病率增加有关。我们的研究结果表明TGF β通路可以调节共生与免疫之间的权衡。需要进一步研究共生、TGF β和免疫之间的联系，以更好地理解这些发现的生态学意义。
Symbiotic relationships range from parasitic to mutualistic, yet all endosymbionts face similar challenges, including evasion of host immunity. Many symbiotic organisms have evolved similar mechanisms to face these challenges, including manipulation of the host's transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) pathway. Here we investigate the TGF beta pathway in scelaractinian corals which are dependent on symbioses with dinoflagellates from the family Symbiodiniaceae. Using the Caribbean coral, Orbicella faveolata, we explore the effects of enhancement and inhibition of the TGF beta pathway on host gene expression. Following transcriptomic analyses, we demonstrated limited effects of pathway manipulation in absence of immune stimulation. However, manipulation of the TGF beta pathway significantly affects the subsequent ability of host corals to mount an immune response. Enhancement of the TGF beta pathway eliminates transcriptomic signatures of host coral immune response, while inhibition of the pathway maintains the response. This is, to our knowledge, the first evidence of an immunomodulatory role for TGF beta in a scelaractinian coral. These findings suggest variation in TGF beta signaling may have implications in the face of increasing disease prevelance. Our results suggest that the TGF beta pathway can modulate tradeoffs between symbiosis and immunity. Further study of links between symbiosis, TGF beta, and immunity is needed to better understand the ecological implications of these findings.