Functional adaptations in the forelimb muscles of non‐human great apes
Functional adaptations in the forelimb muscles of non‐human great apes
复制标题
非人类类人猿前肢肌肉的功能适应
作者：
J. P. Myatt;R. Crompton;Rachel C. Payne‐Davis;E. Vereecke;K. Isler;R. Savage;K. D’Août;M. Günther;S. Thorpe
肌肉的最大能力可以通过简单的肌肉结构测量来估计，例如肌腹质量，肌束长度和生理横截面积。虽然非人类猿类的后肢解剖学已经有了一些详细的研究，但从未对许多物种的前肢结构进行过比较研究。在这里，我们提出的数据，从黑猩猩，倭黑猩猩，大猩猩和猩猩，以确定是否，以及在哪里，有功能差异，他们不同的运动剧目和栖息地的使用。由于样本量相对较小且异质（不同大小、年龄和性别的样本），我们采用了异速生长标度和协方差分析等分析方法来探索数据。总的来说，受年龄效应等可能未识别的混杂因素的影响，该样本中的非人类类人猿（迄今为止最大的组装）在不同的肌肉结构参数之间似乎没有很大差异，即使它们在不同的频率下执行不同的运动行为。因此，目前看来，执行特定行为所花费的时间并不一定会对肌肉骨骼系统的软组织部分施加主导选择性影响;相反地，亚洲猿和非洲猿之间和内部肌肉结构特性的总体一致性加强了这样一种假设，即在压力和/或压力下，或者说是悬吊式负重。
The maximum capability of a muscle can be estimated from simple measurements of muscle architecture such as muscle belly mass, fascicle length and physiological cross‐sectional area. While the hindlimb anatomy of the non‐human apes has been studied in some detail, a comparative study of the forelimb architecture across a number of species has never been undertaken. Here we present data from chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas and an orangutan to ascertain if, and where, there are functional differences relating to their different locomotor repertoires and habitat usage. We employed a combination of analyses including allometric scaling and ancovas to explore the data, as the sample size was relatively small and heterogeneous (specimens of different sizes, ages and sex). Overall, subject to possible unidentified, confounding factors such as age effects, it appears that the non‐human great apes in this sample (the largest assembled to date) do not vary greatly across different muscle architecture parameters, even though they perform different locomotor behaviours at different frequencies. Therefore, it currently appears that the time spent performing a particular behaviour does not necessarily impose a dominating selective influence on the soft‐tissue portion of the musculoskeletal system; rather, the overall consistency of muscle architectural properties both between and within the Asian and African apes strengthens the case for the hypothesis of a possible ancient shared evolutionary origin for orthogrady under compressive and/or suspensory loading in the great apes.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
M. Hamrick;S. Churchill;D. Schmitt;W. Hylander
通讯作者：
M. Hamrick;S. Churchill;D. Schmitt;W. Hylander