Barriers, facilitators, and access for wheelchair users: substantive and methodologic lessons from a pilot study of environmental effects
Barriers, facilitators, and access for wheelchair users: substantive and methodologic lessons from a pilot study of environmental effects
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00269-6
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hoenig, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyers, AR;Anderson, JJ;Hoenig, H
我们对美国马萨诸塞州波士顿和北卡罗来纳州达勒姆的成年轮椅使用者进行了为期一个月的密集试点研究。该研究有四个目标;收件人：（1）衡量到达和未能到达特定目的地的经历;（2）衡量遇到环境促进者和障碍的情况，包括已经克服和尚未克服的情况;（3）确定目的地、促进者和障碍的频率;（4）测试日常报告和回顾性报告之间的一致性。全面参与包括基线和离职电话访谈，以及28次日常电话联系，参与者报告说，他们到达了各种各样的目的地，最主要的是银行、商店、朋友和亲戚的家以及保健专业人员的办公室。有一个较小范围的目的地，他们无法达到，尽管尝试;最明显的是，宗教建筑，朋友和亲戚的家和工作场所。他们遇到了一系列障碍，其中有些他们能够克服，有些他们无法克服。报告的障碍包括个人、人际和环境障碍。完成研究的25名受试者报告了广泛的人力、环境和技术支持。总体而言，日常访谈、基线访谈和离职访谈之间的一致性较高。它建议，促进轮椅使用者社会参与的努力不仅应集中在建筑环境上，还应关注个人援助和辅助技术、健康促进和健身以及提高文明程度的项目。从方法上讲，数据表明，有可能使可靠的措施，环境的遭遇，而不与日常采访的行政和应答负担。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司。保留所有权利。
We undertook a month-long intensive pilot study of a sample of adult wheelchair-users in Boston, Massachusetts and Durham, North Carolina, USA. The study had four objectives; to: (1) measure experiences of reaching and failing to reach specific destinations; (2) measure encounters with environmental facilitators and barriers, including both those overcome and not overcome; (3) determine the frequencies of destinations, facilitators, and barriers, and (4) test for consistency between daily reports and retrospective reports. Full participation entailed baseline and exit telephone interviews, and 28 daily telephone contacts.Participants reported reaching a wide range of destinations, most notably, banks, stores and shops, friends' and relatives' homes and health professionals' offices. There was a smaller range of destinations that they could not reach, despite trying; most notably, religious buildings, friends' and relatives' homes and work-places. They encountered an array of barriers, some of which they were able to overcome and others they could not overcome. Reported barriers included personal, interpersonal, and environmental barriers. The 25 subjects completing the study reported a wide range of human, environmental, and technologic support. In general, the consistency among daily, baseline, and exit interviews was high.This study has both substantive and methodologic implications. It suggests that efforts to facilitate social participation by wheelchair-users should focus not only on the built environment, but also on interventions in personal assistance and assistive technology, health promotion and fitness, and programs that improve civility. Methodologically, the data suggest that it is possible to make reliable measures of environmental encounters without the administrative and respondent burden associated with daily interviews. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.