Board-Level Hardware Trojan Detection Using on-Chip Touch Sensor
Board-Level Hardware Trojan Detection Using on-Chip Touch Sensor
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DOI：
10.1109/emceurope51680.2022.9900985
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发表时间：
2022-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Kinugawa;Y. Hayashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kinugawa;Y. Hayashi
有报道称，通过在印刷电路板(PCB)组件周围的信号轨迹中插入硬件特洛伊木马(HT)，可能会导致电磁信息泄漏。在这种威胁中，不仅在制造阶段，而且在运输过程中或在装运后的现场，假设存在HT插入，并且该威胁可能扩展到不被认为受到在传统IC内实现的HT插入的威胁的设备。本文讨论了在不需要外部测量设备的情况下，在印刷电路板上实现的HT插入的检测方法。此外，我们在更实际的情况下验证了该方法，检测了填充的PCB上的高温。该方法使用片上触摸传感器来测量插入HT引起的电特性的变化。具体地说，通过使用片上传感器观察与HT插入相关的电容和绝缘电阻的变化，并在未将HT插入到信号迹线时检测与测量结果的差异，来检测HT插入。在实验中，我们基于前人报道的HT插入法，搭建了一个模拟填充的电路板的评估环境，并使用配备恒流源的微处理器和构成片上传感器的模数转换器来观察连接的信号迹线上电容和绝缘电阻的变化。然后，我们证明了从片上传感器在HT插入前后的输出值可以检测到信号迹线上的HT插入。
There have been reports of threats that cause electromagnetic information leakage by inserting Hardware Trojans (HT) into the signal traces around components on the printed circuit board (PCB). In this threat, the HT insertion is assumed not only at the manufacturing stage but also during the in-transit or in the field after shipment, and the threat may extend to devices that are not considered to be threatened by HT insertion implemented inside conventional ICs. This paper discusses the detection method for the HT insertion, which is implementable on a PCB without external measurement equipment. Additionally, we validate the method in more practical situations, detecting the HT on populated PCBs. The method employs an on-chip touch sensor to measure the changes in electrical characteristics caused by HT insertion. Specifically, HT insertion is detected by observing the change in capacitance and insulation resistance associated with HT insertion using the on-chip sensor, and detecting the difference from the measurement result when HT is not inserted to signal traces. In the experiment, we build an evaluation environment, which emulates a populated PCB, based on the HT insertion method reported in previous studies and observe the change in capacitance and insulation resistance on the connected signal trace using a microprocessor equipped with a constant current source and an analog-digital converter that constitute the on-chip sensor. Then, we show that HT insertion on the signal trace can be detected from the output values of the on-chip sensor before and after HT insertion.