Population regulation by habitat heterogeneity or individual adjustment?
Population regulation by habitat heterogeneity or individual adjustment?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01904.x
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Moller, Anders P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krueger, Oliver;Chakarov, Nayden;Moller, Anders P.
1. 生境异质性假说（HHH）和个体调节假说（IAH）是解释繁殖率随种群密度增加而降低的常用假说。在HHH下，随着密度的增加，繁殖成功率低的低质量领地数量增加，导致繁殖减少，而在iah下，高密度竞争加剧导致所有领地的繁殖减少。本文分析了密度和生境异质性对4种长寿命领地猛禽8个种群繁殖成功率的影响。通过所有数据集的最短持续时间为20年，并能够控制其中5个数据集的个别质量，在区分全人口范围、特定地点和个别质量对生殖的影响方面获得了足够的可靠性。5个种群的密度增加，但繁殖率没有下降。3 .领地占用率作为领地质量的替代指标与繁殖成功率呈正相关，但只有在超过100个领地的大型数据集中才有显著相关性。在多变量模型中，繁殖成功总是最好地用领土质量来解释。直接或延迟（t-1）人口密度进入很少的最佳模型。控制个体质量的混合模型在老龄个体和产蛋较早的个体中显示出更高的繁殖性能，但在最好的模型中也总是保留领地质量的指标。生境异质性假说得到了较强的支持，个体调整假说得到了较弱的支持。个体特征和地点特征对长寿鸟类的繁殖性能都至关重要。按比例占用领土，使高质量领土成为优先保护目标。
1. The habitat heterogeneity (HHH) and individual adjustment (IAH) hypotheses are commonly proposed to explain a decrease in reproduction rate with increasing population density. Higher numbers of low-quality territories with low reproductive success as density increases lead to a decrease in reproduction under the HHH, while more competition at high density decreases reproduction across all territories under the IAH.2. We analyse the influence of density and habitat heterogeneity on reproductive success in eight populations of long-lived territorial birds of prey belonging to four species. Sufficient reliability in distinguishing between population-wide, site-specific and individual quality effects on reproduction was granted through the minimal duration of 20 years of all data sets and the ability to control for individual quality in five of them.3. Density increased in five populations but reproduction did not decrease in these. Territory occupancy as a surrogate of territory quality correlated positively with reproductive success but only significantly so in large data sets with more than 100 territories.4. Reproductive success was always best explained by measures of territory quality in multivariate models. Direct or delayed (t-1) population density entered very few of the best models. Mixed models controlling for individual quality showed an increasing reproductive performance in older individuals and in those laying earlier, but measures of territory quality were also always retained in the best models.5. We find strong support for the habitat heterogeneity hypothesis but weak support for the individual adjustment hypothesis. Both individual and site characteristics are crucial for reproductive performance in long-lived birds. Proportional occupancy of territories enables recognition of high-quality territories as preferential conservation targets.