Endowments, Market Potential, and Industrial Location: Evidence from Interwar Poland (1918-1939)
Endowments, Market Potential, and Industrial Location: Evidence from Interwar Poland (1918-1939)
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禀赋、市场潜力和工业区位：来自两次世界大战期间波兰的证据（1918-1939）
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
Nikolaus Wolf
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作者：
Nikolaus Wolf
本文探讨了两次世界大战之间波兰工业区位的决定因素。经过120多年的政治和经济分离，波兰于1918年底重新统一。因此，其工业面临着巨大的结构性变化：国内关税壁垒的取消和基础设施的改善加强了国内市场，而国外市场关系被切断。同样，国内移徙和新的体制安排（教育制度、专利法等）改变了要素禀赋的地理分布。这些力量是如何相互作用来决定工业选址的？统一后是否出现了新的区域间分工？我们调查了1925年至1937年之间的工业区位动态，并估计了一个规范，嵌套市场潜力和比较优势，以量化其各自的影响随着时间的推移。结果表明，比较优势和市场潜力都发挥了作用，但熟练劳动力的供应具有主导作用，而且影响越来越大。
The paper explores the determinants of industry location across interwar Poland. After more than 120 years of political and economic separation, Poland was reunified at the end of 1918. In consequence, its industry faced massive structural changes: the removal of internal tariff barriers and improved infrastructure strengthened the domestic market, while foreign market relations were cut off. Similarly, the geographical dispersion of factor endowments was changed through internal migration and new institutional arrangements (education system, patent laws, etc.). How did these forces interact to determine the location of industry? Did a new interregional division of labour emerge after unification? We survey the dynamics of industrial location between 1925 and 1937 and estimate a specification that nests market potential and comparative advantage to quantify their respective impact over time. The results point to a role for both, comparative advantage and market potential, but there was a dominating and ever increasing impact of the availability of skilled labour.