THE ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM OF THE BLOOD IN EXERCISE
THE ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM OF THE BLOOD IN EXERCISE
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运动中血液的酸碱平衡
DOI：
10.1152/ajplegacy.1942.137.4.742
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发表时间：
1942
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Robinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Turrell;S. Robinson
并且通过肺的相关额外CO2输出充当身体的主要缓冲机制之一。然而，关于乳酸和CO2容量变化幅度的关系的观察一直是矛盾的。Mellanby和托马斯（1920）以及Evans（1922）通过向抽取的血液中添加乳酸，发现CO2含量的下降小于血液乳酸盐的增加。在该实验室进行的类似实验的结果显示出密切的一致性，但图片与运动后抽取的血液中所见的不相同。巴尔、希姆维奇和绿色（1923）对运动后抽取的血液进行了6次观察，结果发现变化范围很大，只有两次发现血乳酸的变化大于CO2容量的变化。Dill、Talkman和Edwards（1930）发现，血液中CO2容量的下降幅度更大。Dennig等人（1931）发现，当血乳酸升高至10 mEq时，变化大致相等。每升罗宾逊和哈蒙（1941）发现，在生理高浓度血乳酸时，CO2容量的降低小于相应的乳酸增加。通过对这个问题的进一步研究，我们试图将血液乳酸、CO2容量和血清pH的变化联系起来，并确定运动过程中积累的缓冲酸的各种机制的作用。在同一天从处于基础状态和运动后的人类受试者抽取血液样品。不同强度的运动，包括在电动跑步机上跑步或参加竞争性比赛，被用来产生不同浓度的血液乳酸。为了比较pH值、CO2容量、乳酸盐的变化以及可用碱的相关变化，在油下采集动脉血样本并用肝素处理。用几个静脉血样品比较乳酸浓度和CO2容量的变化。采用Edwards（1938）的方法测定血乳酸，采用微量凯氏定氮法测定血浆蛋白。通过在37 ℃下分别用200和40 mmHg的O2和CO2压力平衡血液来测定HbOs和CO2容量。正如迪尔在亨德森的书中所描述的那样。在货车Slyke装置上分析血液样品的HbO2和CO 8的含量和容量。动脉血样本的pH值通过Henderson-Hasselbalch方程计算，有些在整个值范围内
and the associated extra output of CO2 through the lungs acts as one of the principal buffering mechanisms of the body. However observations upon the relation of the magnitude of changes in lactate and CO2 capacity have been contradictory. Mellanby and Thomas (1920) and Evans (1922), by addition of lactic acid to drawn blood, found that the decline in CO2 content was less than the increase in blood lactate. Results of similar experiments performed in this laboratory have shown close agreement yet the picture is not identical with that seen in blood drawn after exercise. In six observations on blood drawn after exercise, Barr, Himwich and Green (1923) obtained wide variations and found a greater change in blood lactate than in CO2 capacity in only two cases. Dill, Talbott and Edwards (1930) found in general a greater decline in CO2 capacity of the blood. Dennig et al. (1931) found approximately equal changes when the blood lactate rose to 10 mEq. per liter. Robinson and Harmon (1941) found that the decreases in COz capacity, at physiologically high concentrations of blood lactate, were smaller than the corresponding increases in lactate. By further study of this problem we have attempted to relate changes in blood lactate, CO2 capacity, and serum pH and to determine the role of the various mechanisms in buffering acid as it is accumulated during exercise. Samples of blood were drawn from human subjects in the basal state and after exercise on the same day. Various intensities of exercise, which consisted of running on a motor driven treadmill or in competitive races, were used to produce different concentrations of blood lactic acid in the men. For comparison of changes in pH, CO2 capacity, lactate, and related changes in available base, arterial blood samples were drawn under oil and treated with heparin. Several samples of venous blood were used in t,he comparison of the variations in lactate concentration with those of CO2 capacity. Blood lactate was determined by the method of Edwards (1938), and plasma protein by micro-Kjeldahl analysis. HbOs and CO2 capacity were determined by equilibration of blood with O2 and COz pressures of 200 and 40 mm. Hg respectively at 37OC. as described by Dill in Henderson’s book (1928). Analyses of blood samples for both content and capacity of HbOz and CO8 were done on the Van Slyke apparatus. The pH values of arterial blood samples were calculated by means of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and some over the entire range of values