Artificial light pollution at night (ALAN) disrupts the distribution and circadian rhythm of a sandy beach isopod
Artificial light pollution at night (ALAN) disrupts the distribution and circadian rhythm of a sandy beach isopod
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.037
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Quijon, Pedro A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duarte, Cristian;Quintanilla-Ahumada, Diego;Quijon, Pedro A.
沿海生境，特别是沙滩，越来越多地暴露在夜间人造光污染（ALAN）之下。然而，到目前为止，只有少数研究评估了ALAN对居住在这些生态系统中的物种的影响。在这项研究中，我们评估了ALAN对Tylos spinulosus的影响，Tylos spinulosus是一种生活在智利中北部沙滩上的著名残骸消费等足类动物。该物种白天在沙子中挖洞，晚上出现并向海岸迁移，因此我们认为它可以作为研究ALAN对沿海夜行物种影响的模式物种。我们利用放置在靠近沙丘边缘的上层沉积物中的照明系统，模拟在公共照明附近测量的光强度，评估ALAN是否改变了这种等足类动物的分布和运动活动。将等足类动物的反应与位于较远且未暴露于人造光的控制断面进行比较。与此同时，我们在实验室里用动作记录仪测量了等足类动物的运动活动，这些动作记录仪记录了它们在模拟海滩表面的中观环境中的运动。实地测量表明，与对照样带相比，光源附近等足类动物的丰度明显减少，它们的潮汐分布范围受到限制。与此同时，实验室实验表明，在暴露于ALAN的中庸环境中，等足类动物表现出活性降低，昼夜节律发生改变，甚至在几天后消失。这些变化与控制自然昼夜循环有关，表明在野外观察到的变化与等足类动物运动活动的中断直接相关。所有这些结果为该物种提供了负ALAN效应的因果证据，并呼吁进一步研究其他可能受到ALAN影响的夜间沙滩物种。(C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Coastal habitats, in particular sandy beaches, are becoming increasingly exposed to artificial light pollution at night (ALAN). Yet, only a few studies have this far assessed the effects of ALAN on the species inhabiting these ecosystems. In this study we assessed the effects of ALAN on Tylos spinulosus, a prominent wrack-consumer isopod living in sandy beaches of north-central Chile. This species burrows in the sand during daylight and emerges at night to migrate down-shore, so we argue it can be used as a model species for the study of ALAN effects on coastal nocturnal species. We assessed whether ALAN alters the distribution and locomotor activity of this isopod using a light system placed in upper shore sediments close to the edge of the dunes, mimicking light intensities measured near public lighting. The response of the isopods was compared to control transects located farther away and not exposed to artificial light. In parallel, we measured the isopods' locomotor activity in the laboratory using actographs that recorded their movement within mesocosms simulating the beach surface. Measurements in the field indicated a clear reduction in isopod abundance near the source of the light and a restriction of their tidal distribution range, as compared to control transects. Meanwhile, the laboratory experiments showed that in mesocosms exposed to ALAN, isopods exhibited reduced activity and a circadian rhythm that was altered and even lost after a few days. Such changes with respect to control mesocosms with a natural day/night cycle suggest that the changes observed in the field were directly related to a disruption in the locomotor activity of the isopods. All together these results provide causal evidence of negative ALAN effects on this species, and call for further research on other nocturnal sandy beach species that might become increasingly affected by ALAN. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.