Potential for genomic instability associated with retrotranspositionally-incompetent L1 loci.

Potential for genomic instability associated with retrotranspositionally-incompetent L1 loci.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gku687
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Belancio VP
Belancio VP
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kines KJ;Sokolowski M;deHaro DL;Christian CM;Belancio VP

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L1反转录转座子的表达可以通过插入突变和DNA双链断裂(DSB)的产生来破坏基因组。人类基因组中的大多数L1基因座是5′-截短的,因此不能逆转录转座。虽然仍有数千个全长L1基因座,但大多数由于失活突变而无法逆转录转座。然而,导致L1 ORF 2序列内过早终止密码子的突变可产生保留功能性内切核酸酶结构域的截短蛋白。我们证明,一些截短的ORF 2蛋白引起不同程度的毒性和DNA损伤时,在哺乳动物细胞中长期过表达。此外,转染的一些ORF 2结构包含提前终止密码子支持低水平的Alu反转录转座,表明选择反转录转座不胜任的L1基因座产生基因组不稳定性的潜力。这一结果为Alu元素在人类基因组中的相对成功提供了另一种合理的解释。我们的数据表明,一个子集的retrotranspositionally-incompetent L1,以前被认为是无害的基因组完整性,可能有可能导致慢性DNA损伤,通过引入DSB和动员铝。这些结果表明,在人类基因组中已知的L1基因座的数量,可能会威胁到其稳定性可能不限于反转录转座活性位点。
Expression of the L1 retrotransposon can damage the genome through insertional mutagenesis and the generation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The majority of L1 loci in the human genome are 5′-truncated and therefore incapable of retrotransposition. While thousands of full-length L1 loci remain, most are retrotranspositionally-incompetent due to inactivating mutations. However, mutations leading to premature stop codons within the L1 ORF2 sequence may yield truncated proteins that retain a functional endonuclease domain. We demonstrate that some truncated ORF2 proteins cause varying levels of toxicity and DNA damage when chronically overexpressed in mammalian cells. Furthermore, transfection of some ORF2 constructs containing premature stop codons supported low levels of Alu retrotransposition, demonstrating the potential for select retrotranspositionally-incompetent L1 loci to generate genomic instability. This result suggests yet another plausible explanation for the relative success of Alu elements in populating the human genome. Our data suggest that a subset of retrotranspositionally-incompetent L1s, previously considered to be harmless to genomic integrity, may have the potential to cause chronic DNA damage by introducing DSBs and mobilizing Alu. These results imply that the number of known L1 loci in the human genome that potentially threaten its stability may not be limited to the retrotranspositionally active loci.
LINE-1 RNA剪接和对哺乳动物基因表达的影响。
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发表时间: 2006
影响因子: 14.9
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发表时间: 2003-04-29
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期刊: NATURE GENETICS
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