Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: pleiotropic cytokine with potential clinical usefulness.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: pleiotropic cytokine with potential clinical usefulness.
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DOI：
10.1093/clinids/12.1.41
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Ruef;D. Coleman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Ruef;D. Coleman
粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)是一种23 kDa的糖蛋白，对免疫细胞和非免疫细胞具有明显不同的作用。GM-CSF可诱导粒细胞、巨噬细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞前体细胞分化。GM-CSF还能刺激单核巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞、角质形成细胞和内皮细胞的增殖。此外，GM-CSF还能改变成熟粒细胞、巨噬细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞的功能特性。GM-CSF由T淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和髓外部位的几种细胞产生，在那里它可能以旁分泌的方式调节局部对抗原攻击的反应。GM-CSF已经在艾滋病、再生障碍性贫血、骨髓增生异常综合征和肉瘤以及骨髓移植和意外辐射暴露的患者中进行了临床试验。GM-CSF显著增加了几种髓系细胞的循环数量，并产生了剂量依赖性的毒性，主要包括肌痛、发热、液体滞留和浆膜积液。还需要进一步的研究来确定GM-CSF在治疗免疫细胞定性和定量功能障碍患者中的作用。
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a 23-kDa glycoprotein with remarkably diverse effects on immune and nonimmune cells. GM-CSF induces differentiation of granulocyte, macrophage, and eosinophil precursor cells. Proliferation of monocyte-macrophages, T lymphocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells is also stimulated by GM-CSF. In addition, GM-CSF alters the functional properties of mature granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and basophils. GM-CSF is produced by T lymphocytes, macrophages, and several cell types in extramedullary sites, where it may act in a paracrine manner to regulate the local response to antigenic challenge. Clinical trials of GM-CSF have been conducted in patients with AIDS, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and sarcoma and following bone marrow transplantation and accidental radiation exposure. GM-CSF significantly increased circulating numbers of several myeloid cells and produced dose-dependent toxicity consisting primarily of myalgias, fever, fluid retention, and serosal effusions. Additional studies are needed to define the role of GM-CSF in treatment of patients with qualitative and quantitative dysfunction of immune cells.