Redefining the impact of nutrition on breast cancer incidence: is epigenetics involved?
Redefining the impact of nutrition on breast cancer incidence: is epigenetics involved?
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954422411000199
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发表时间：
2012-06
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Lelievre, Sophie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teegarden, Dorothy;Romieu, Isabelle;Lelievre, Sophie A.
随着年轻女性侵袭性肿瘤的增加，乳腺癌的发病率在全球范围内不断上升。可能涉及的因素包括生活方式的改变，特别是已知会影响基因转录的饮食。然而，在饮食因素中，只有更高的体重和饮酒量才有足够的支持，而许多揭示特定饮食和营养素对乳腺癌风险影响的研究显示出相互矛盾的结果。此外，中低收入国家提供的信息很少。在乳腺癌中发现的基因表达谱的多样性表明转录控制对疾病的结果至关重要。这表明需要对影响转录的表观遗传机制的营养物质进行研究，例如DNA甲基化和组蛋白的翻译后修饰。在本综述中，一个新的检查饮食和乳腺癌之间的关系的基础上转录控制提出了流行病学，动物和临床研究。讨论了饮食对乳腺癌发展的影响的机制以及阻碍得出明确结论的因素。了解营养和表观遗传学（通过染色质结构控制基因表达）之间的相互作用是至关重要的，因为在乳腺发育的早期阶段饮食对乳腺癌风险的影响，这表明某些营养素对DNA甲基化的影响对基因表达有持续影响。成功地制定乳腺癌预防战略将需要适当的模型，确定快速评估预防性干预措施的生物标志物，以及协调全球研究以识别饮食的影响。
Breast cancer incidence is rising worldwide with an increase in aggressive neoplasias in young women. Possible factors involved include lifestyle changes, notably diet that is known to make an impact on gene transcription. However, among dietary factors, there is sufficient support for only greater body weight and alcohol consumption whereas numerous studies revealing an impact of specific diets and nutrients on breast cancer risk show conflicting results. Also, little information is available from middle- and low-income countries. The diversity of gene expression profiles found in breast cancers indicates that transcription control is critical for the outcome of the disease. This suggests the need for studies on nutrients that affect epigenetic mechanisms of transcription, such as DNA methylation and post-translational modifications of histones. In the present review, a new examination of the relationship between diet and breast cancer based on transcription control is proposed in light of epidemiological, animal and clinical studies. The mechanisms underlying the impact of diets on breast cancer development and factors that impede reaching clear conclusions are discussed. Understanding the interaction between nutrition and epigenetics (gene expression control via chromatin structure) is critical in light of the influence of diet during early stages of mammary gland development on breast cancer risk, suggesting a persistent effect on gene expression as shown by the influence of certain nutrients on DNA methylation. Successful development of breast cancer prevention strategies will require appropriate models, identification of biological markers for rapid assessment of preventive interventions, and coordinated worldwide research to discern the effects of diet.