Contextual conditioning in variable lexical phonology
Contextual conditioning in variable lexical phonology
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可变词汇音韵学中的语境调节
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Gregory R. Guy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gregory R. Guy
摘要Guy(1991)提出的变量词汇音系学预测了不同派生史词类的词类保持率之间的指数关系。与在派生结束时仅满足规则的结构描述的一类形式相比，在派生的早期词汇级别满足可变规则的结构描述的一类词将经历该规则的多次操作，因此，保留率呈指数下降。对于英语-t，d删除的情况，假设单音词(例如，MIST)在派生中暴露三次删除规则，而半弱过去时形式(例如，左)暴露两次，而规则过去时形式(例如，错过)仅经历一次该规则。本文探讨了该模型对规则上的其他变量约束的影响，例如对-t，d删除的前后段约束。词-内部限制，因为它们存在于整个派生过程中，被证明具有与外部限制在数量上不同的模式，因为后者只在规则的最终词汇后操作中影响规则。从模型中得出了四个具体的定量预测，以阐明内部约束和外部约束之间的这种区别，并提供了经验数据来证实这些预测。
ABSTRACT The variable lexical phonology proposed in Guy (1991) predicts an exponential relationship among rates of retention in word classes of different derivational histories. A class of words that satisfies the structural description of a variable rule at an early lexical level of derivation will undergo multiple operations of the rule and, therefore, exponentially reduced rates of retention, compared to a class of forms that only satisfies the structural description of the rule at the end of the derivation and thus is subject to its operation only once. For the case of English -t,d deletion, it is postulated that monomorphemic words (e.g., mist) are exposed to the deletion rule three times in a derivation, whereas semiweak past tense forms (e.g., left) are exposed twice, and regular past tense forms (e.g., missed) undergo the rule but once. The present article explores the consequences of this model for other variable constraints on a rule, such as the preceding and following segment constraints on -t,d deletion. Word-internal constraints, because they are present throughout the derivation, are shown to have quantitatively different patterns than external constraints, as the latter affect the rule only in its final, post-lexical operation. Four specific quantitative predictions are derived from the model to elucidate this distinction between internal and external constraints, and empirical data are presented to confirm the predictions.