Efficacy of Enthomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae Against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Efficacy of Enthomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae Against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1603/ec13404
复制
发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Bielza, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Contreras, J.;Mendoza, J. E.;Bielza, P.
番茄二化螟是一种严重的番茄害虫，近年来迅速扩展，造成严重的农作物损失。需要综合管理来控制这种害虫，生物防治现在开始在其中发挥关键作用。在这方面，以金龟子绿僵菌变种金龟子绿僵菌菌株(4.46×10(9)活分生孢子/毫升)为基础的液体制剂，与灌溉水一起使用，通过对不同绝对绿僵菌种群的实验室测试，评估了其有效性。已经开发了一种生物测定方法来测试产品的效果。所选择的技术已经得到验证，不同的研究种群已经根据它们的敏感性进行了代表性，确定了害虫对该真菌的基线敏感性。结果表明，在推荐的标签率(5.58×10(9)个活孢子/升)下，金龟子绿僵菌对赤眼蜂具有完全的杀灭效果。此外，显著较低的剂量也足以有效地控制番茄二化螟种群，因为每升活孢子的LC90值低于3×10(9)。最敏感的种群是在西班牙阿尔梅里亚和尼贾尔采集的种群，其LC50值分别为0.21和0.22×10(9)活分生孢子/升(-1)。LC_(50)平均值为每升0.34×10(9)个活孢子(-1)，LC_(90)为2×10(9)个。这些结果表明，绿僵菌在番茄二化螟综合防治中具有潜在的防治潜力。
The tomato borer Tuta absoluta Meyrick is a serious tomato pest that has lately undergone a rapid expansion, causing severe crop losses. An integrated management is required to control this insect, within which biological control is now beginning to play a key role. In this regard, the effectiveness of a liquid formulation based on strains of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae variety anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (4.46 x 10(9) viable conidia per milliliter), applied together with irrigation water, has been evaluated by laboratory tests on different populations of T. absoluta. A bioassay method has been developed to test the efficacy of the product. The technique chosen has been validated and the different studied populations have been typified according to their susceptibility, determining the baseline susceptibility of the pest to the fungus. The results revealed a complete efficacy of M. anisopliae against pupae of T. absoluta at the recommended label rate (5.58 x 10(9) viable conidia per liter) for the populations assayed. Moreover, a notably lower dose was also sufficiently effective to control the tomato borer populations because values of LC90 lower than 3 x 10(9) viable conidia per liter were obtained unfailingly. The most sensitive populations were those collected in Almeria and Nijar, Spain, with LC50 values of 0.21 and 0.22 x 10(9) viable conidia per liter(-1), respectively. The average value obtained for LC50 was 0.34 x 10(9) viable conidia per liter(-1) and 2 x 10(9) for LC90. These results show the potential of M. anisopliae to control pupae of the tomato borer in integrated pest management programs.