Biomechanical evolution of solid bones in large animals: a microanatomical investigation
Biomechanical evolution of solid bones in large animals: a microanatomical investigation
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DOI：
10.1111/bij.12660
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Alexandra Houssaye;Katja Waskow;S. Hayashi;R. Cornette;Andrew H Lee;J. Hutchinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alexandra Houssaye;Katja Waskow;S. Hayashi;R. Cornette;Andrew H Lee;J. Hutchinson
重力门脉类群显示支持性骨的横截面积异速生长，并被认为显示与骨量增加相关的显微解剖学变化。这引起骨质疏松症（即在一些水生动物中观察到的骨致密性增加）。本研究调查了与妊娠相关的骨骼显微解剖组织的变化，以及它们与水生获得性骨质疏松的可比性，旨在更好地了解骨骼对不同相关功能要求的适应。骨的gravimportal类群显示显微解剖学的变化，不仅是由于异速生长。它们显示出较厚的皮质和成比例的较小的髓腔，在这些区域之间具有较宽的过渡区。这种内部松质结构可以更好地增强能量吸收和骨髓支持。此外，横截面的几何参数表明，增加的阻力产生的弯曲和扭转，以及压缩应力。适应重力门的姿态时，应考虑到分析可能两栖类群与陆生形态。这是特别重要的古生态推断大型灭绝的四足动物，可能是两栖动物，更普遍的是，为适应水生生活的早期阶段的研究在Aromotes。
Graviportal taxa show an allometric increase of the cross-sectional area of supportive bones and are assumed to display microanatomical changes associated with an increase in bone mass. This evokes osteosclerosis (i.e. an increase in bone compactness observed in some aquatic amniotes). The present study investigates the changes in bones' microanatomical organization associated with graviportality and how comparable they are with aquatically acquired osteosclerosis aiming to better understand the adaptation of bone to the different associated functional requirements. Bones of graviportal taxa show microanatomical changes that are not solely attributable to allometry. They display a thicker cortex and a proportionally smaller medullary cavity, with a wider transition zone between these domains. This inner cancellous structure may enable to better enhance energy absorption and marrow support. Moreover, the cross-sectional geometric parameters indicate increased resistance to stresses engendered by bending and torsion, as well as compression. Adaptation to a graviportal posture should be taken into consideration when analyzing possibly amphibious taxa with a terrestrial-like morphology. This is particularly important for palaeoecological inferences about large extinct tetrapods that might have been amphibious and, more generally, for the study of early stages of adaptation to an aquatic life in amniotes.