A two-dimensional Wigner crystal (Review Article)
A two-dimensional Wigner crystal (Review Article)
复制标题
二维维格纳晶体（评论文章）
DOI：
10.1063/1.4770504
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
V. Syvokon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Monarkha;V. Syvokon
综述了二维电子气维格纳晶化的理论和实验研究现状。1979年，在液氦表面的二维电子系统中首次实验观察到Wigner晶体(WC)。这一成功得益于超流液体自由表面的异常纯净，以及相当准确地描述伴随电子结晶的极化子变形现象的能力。为了观察半导体二维电子系统中的维格纳晶化，必须有非常纯的异质结构样品(GaAs/GaAlAs)和强磁场，以便于电子在导电层中的局域化。本文讨论了上述两个电子系统共有的二维WC的基本性质，以及环境对电子晶格运动的响应引起的WC输运性质研究的主要进展。
The current state of theoretical and experimental studies of the Wigner crystallization of a two-dimensional electron gas is reviewed. The Wigner crystal (WC) has first been observed experimentally in a two-dimensional electron system on the surface of liquid helium in 1979. This success was favored by the exceptional purity of the free surface of superfluid liquid and the ability to fairly accurately describe the polaronic deformation phenomena accompanying the crystallization of electrons. Very pure samples of heterostructures (GaAs/GaAlAs) and strong magnetic fields, making easier the localization of electrons in a conducting layer, were necessary in order to observe the Wigner crystallization in semiconductor two-dimensional electron systems This review discusses the basic properties of a two-dimensional WC, common to the both above-mentioned electronic systems, and also major advances in the study of transport properties of WC caused by response of the environment on motion of the electron lattice.