Genomics in Personalized Nutrition: Can You "Eat for Your Genes"?
Genomics in Personalized Nutrition: Can You "Eat for Your Genes"?
复制标题
个性化营养中的基因组学：你能“为你的基因而吃”吗？
DOI：
10.3390/nu12103118
复制
发表时间：
2020-10-13
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Chilton FH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mullins VA;Bresette W;Johnstone L;Hallmark B;Chilton FH
全基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）数据现在可以快速且廉价地获得，这提高了基于个体在多个SNP处的遗传变异性创建个性化饮食建议的前景。然而，对大多数特定的基因-饮食相互作用以及许多感兴趣的分子和临床表型（例如，体重指数（BMI）涉及多个基因。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了直接面向消费者的基因检测（DTC-GT）和目前基于个人基因数据的精确营养的潜力。我们回顾了重要的问题，如饮食暴露和遗传结构解决的概念，遗传性，多效性，上位性，多基因性和表观遗传学。更具体地说，我们讨论了他们如何复杂化使用基因型数据来预测表型以及对饮食干预的反应。然后，提供了几个例子（包括咖啡因敏感性，酒精依赖，非酒精性脂肪肝，肥胖/食欲，心血管，阿尔茨海默病，叶酸代谢，长链脂肪酸生物合成和维生素D代谢），说明基因型信息如何用于提供营养建议。最后，我们通过研究伦理考虑和实际应用，利用遗传信息来告知饮食选择和未来的作用，遗传学可能会在采用超越全民健康饮食指南的变化。
Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data are now quickly and inexpensively acquired, raising the prospect of creating personalized dietary recommendations based on an individual’s genetic variability at multiple SNPs. However, relatively little is known about most specific gene–diet interactions, and many molecular and clinical phenotypes of interest (e.g., body mass index [BMI]) involve multiple genes. In this review, we discuss direct to consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) and the current potential for precision nutrition based on an individual’s genetic data. We review important issues such as dietary exposure and genetic architecture addressing the concepts of penetrance, pleiotropy, epistasis, polygenicity, and epigenetics. More specifically, we discuss how they complicate using genotypic data to predict phenotypes as well as response to dietary interventions. Then, several examples (including caffeine sensitivity, alcohol dependence, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity/appetite, cardiovascular, Alzheimer’s disease, folate metabolism, long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, and vitamin D metabolism) are provided illustrating how genotypic information could be used to inform nutritional recommendations. We conclude by examining ethical considerations and practical applications for using genetic information to inform dietary choices and the future role genetics may play in adopting changes beyond population-wide healthy eating guidelines.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Braithwaite, V. S.;Jones, K. S.;Schoenmakers, I.;Silver, M.;Prentice, A.;Hennig, B. J.
通讯作者：
Hennig, B. J.
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Benedict, Christian;Axelsson, Tomas;Schioeth, Helgi B.
通讯作者：
Schioeth, Helgi B.
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Allyse, Megan A.;Robinson, David H.;Sharp, Richard R.
通讯作者：
Sharp, Richard R.
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Bersaglieri, T;Sabeti, PC;Hirschhorn, JN
通讯作者：
Hirschhorn, JN
影响因子：
--
作者：
De Caterina, Raffaele;El-Sohemy, Ahmed
通讯作者：
El-Sohemy, Ahmed