Global hydrogen reservoirs in basement and basins.
Global hydrogen reservoirs in basement and basins.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12932-017-0041-4
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发表时间：
2017-03-20
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Blamey N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parnell J;Blamey N
人们知道氢存在于一些古代古巴比伦的地下水中。在伴生气的年代测定中，它们的年龄可达10亿年，氢也被认为是非常古老的。这些观察被解释为代表水的辐解和水化反应和氢迁移到断裂系统。一个迄今为止未经检验的含义是，压倒性的大部分古老的低渗透性基底，这是不相邻的横切裂缝，构成了氢的水库。从流体包裹体中释放挥发分的冷破碎获得的新数据证实，太古代和古元古代（>1600 Ma）的花岗岩和片麻岩的夹带流体中通常含有比非常年轻（<200 Ma）的花岗岩高一个数量级的氢。含有老基底碎屑的沉积岩也比年轻花岗岩含有更大比例的氢。这些数据支持在古老的基底和广泛的衍生沉积物中存在全球氢储层的情况。这些储层易于通过各种机制释放氢，包括变形、磨损以减小粒度和成岩蚀变，从而为深层生物圈中的化能自养生物提供所需的氢。
Hydrogen is known to occur in the groundwaters of some ancient cratons. Where associated gases have been dated, their age extends up to a billion years, and the hydrogen is assumed also to be very old. These observations are interpreted to represent the radiolysis of water and hydration reactions and migration of hydrogen into fracture systems. A hitherto untested implication is that the overwhelming bulk of the ancient low-permeability basement, which is not adjacent to cross-cutting fractures, constitutes a reservoir for hydrogen. New data obtained from cold crushing to liberate volatiles from fluid inclusions confirm that granites and gneiss of Archean and Palaeoproterozoic (>1600 Ma) age typically contain an order of magnitude greater hydrogen in their entrained fluid than very young (<200 Ma) granites. Sedimentary rocks containing clasts of old basement also include a greater proportion of hydrogen than the young granites. The data support the case for a global reservoir of hydrogen in both the ancient basement and in the extensive derived sediments. These reservoirs are susceptible to the release of hydrogen through a variety of mechanisms, including deformation, attrition to reduce grain size and diagenetic alteration, thereby contributing to the hydrogen required by chemolithoautotrophs in the deep biosphere.