Fiscal and economic impacts of state incentives for wind energy development in the Western United States
Fiscal and economic impacts of state incentives for wind energy development in the Western United States
复制标题
美国西部风能开发国家激励措施的财政和经济影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.015
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Michael Bergloff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geoffrey Black;D. Holley;David Solan;Michael Bergloff
近年来，美国的风能产量显着增长，这在很大程度上要归功于旨在鼓励风能开发的州和联邦政策。本研究重点关注美国西部地区州一级采取的措施。其中一些州已经以财政激励和可再生能源组合标准的形式实施了立法，以支持风能开发。结果表明，国家税收优惠和物理驱动因素对风能增长具有显着的积极影响。然而，人们一直担心财政激励措施对国家税收收入的财政影响。因此，一些州取消了税收优惠。最近的一个例子是取消爱达荷州风力发电商的销售和使用退税。然而，取消此类激励措施会导致税收净损失，并阻碍风能项目的发展，从而产生负面经济影响。结果表明，风能开发带来的经济效益通过增加州和地方政府的税收收入产生了显着的积极财政影响。增加的税收收入从此类项目的施工前和施工阶段开始，并在项目运营的整个生命周期中持续累积，直至最终退役。爱达荷州取消这一激励措施将导致税收收入净减少以及该州就业、收入和总产出方面的重大经济利益损失。
Wind energy production in the United States has seen significant growth over recent years due, in large part, to the state and federal policies designed to encourage wind energy development. This research focuses on measures undertaken at the state level in the western region of the United States. Several of these states have implemented legislation in the form of financial incentives and renewable portfolio standards to support wind development. It is shown that state tax incentives and physical drivers have a significant positive impact on wind energy growth. There has been concern, however, about the fiscal impacts of financial incentives on state tax revenues. As a result, some states have removed tax incentives. A recent example is the removal of sales and use tax rebates for wind producers in Idaho. However, the removal of such incentives results in a net loss of tax revenues as well as negative economic impacts by hindering the development of wind energy projects. It is shown that attendant economic benefits from wind development results in significant positive fiscal impacts by increasing tax revenues for state and local governments. The increased tax revenues begin with the pre-construction and construction phases of such projects and continue to accrue throughout the life of project operations until eventual decommissioning. The removal of this incentive in Idaho results in a net reduction in tax revenues as well as the loss of significant economic benefits in terms of employment, incomes, and total output for the State.