Prevalence of overweight among preschool children in the United States, 1971 through 1994
Prevalence of overweight among preschool children in the United States, 1971 through 1994
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.99.4.e1
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Johnson, CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ogden, CL;Troiano, RP;Johnson, CL
客观的。研究 1971 年至 1974 年和 1988 年至 1994 年美国 2 个月至 5 岁学龄前儿童超重的患病率。设计。具有全国代表性的横断面调查和体检，包括身高、长度和体重的测量。在 1971 年至 1974 年（第一次全国健康和营养检查调查 [NHANES I]）、1976 年至 1980 年（NHANES II）、1982 年至 1984 年（西班牙裔健康和营养检查调查）以及 1988 年至 1994 年（NHANES II）期间，四项不同的调查分别对 1200 至 7500 名 6 岁以下儿童进行了检查。 III).结果。 1971年至1974年以及1988年至1994年期间，学龄前儿童的某些性别和年龄组的超重患病率有所增加。1988年至1994年，超过10%的4岁和5岁女孩超重，而1971年至1974年这一比例为5.8%。然而，在此期间，1岁和2岁儿童的超重患病率没有变化。至3岁儿童。 1988 年至 1994 年间，2 个月至 5 岁儿童中女孩超重的发生率始终高于男孩。墨西哥裔美国儿童的超重患病率高于非西班牙裔黑人和非西班牙裔白人儿童。这些结果与美国年龄较大儿童和成人的报告结果相似。结论。这些结果表明，在过去 20 年中，4 岁和 5 岁儿童的超重患病率有所增加，但年龄较小的儿童则没有增加。这些发现表明，预防超重的努力，包括鼓励体育活动和改善饮食，应该从儿童早期开始。
Objective. To examine the prevalence of overweight among US preschool children 2 months through 5 years of age between the years 1971 through 1974 and 1988 through 1994.Design. Nationally representative cross-sectional surveys with a physical examination, including measurement of stature, length, and weight. Between 1200 and 7500 children younger than 6 years were examined in each of four different surveys during 1971 through 1974 (first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES I]), 1976 through 1980 (NHANES II), 1982 through 1984 (Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), and 1988 through 1994 (NHANES III).Results. The prevalence of overweight increased among some sex and age groups of preschool children between 1971 through 1974 and 1988 through 1994. More than 10% of 4- and 5-year-old girls were overweight in 1988 through 1994 compared with 5.8% in 1971 through 1974. However, there was no change during this period in the prevalence of overweight among 1- and 2- to 3-year-old children. During 1988 through 1994, the prevalence of overweight among children 2 months through 5 years of age was consistently higher in girls than boys. Mexican-American children had a higher prevalence of overweight than non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white children. These results parallel what has been reported for older children and adults in the United States.Conclusion. These results show that in the last 20 years the prevalence of overweight has increased among 4- and 5-year-old children but not among younger children. These findings suggest that efforts to prevent overweight, including encouragement of physical activity and improved diets, should begin in early childhood.