The nature of interlayering in clays from a podzol (Spodosol) from the Tatra Mountains, Poland
The nature of interlayering in clays from a podzol (Spodosol) from the Tatra Mountains, Poland
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.10.013
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发表时间：
2011-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
M. Skiba;Marek Szczerba;S. Skiba;D. Bish;Malagorzata Grybos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Skiba;Marek Szczerba;S. Skiba;D. Bish;Malagorzata Grybos
层间粘土是几种土目的共同组成部分。土壤蛭石和蒙脱石的热稳定性变化表明了层间的存在。在大多数研究中，粘土被报道为al -羟基层间矿物。尽管许多土壤中含有丰富的有机化合物，但很少考虑土壤有机-粘土夹层的潜在存在。本文采用x射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和元素CHNS分析方法，研究了波兰Tatra Mts一灰化土的淋溶层(E)中分离出的3个粘土亚组分，分别在自然状态下和经过有机物去除、游离氧化铁去除、不同阳离子饱和、330℃和550℃加热等处理。所有馏分都含有“~14Å粘土”。在自然状态下，“~14Å粘土”表现出较高的热阻，在330℃加热后仅部分转变为10Å。这种行为强烈表明夹层的存在。K+的饱和将~14Å反射移至~ 13-11Å，表明层间有带电物质发生位移。经h2o2和NaOCl处理的粘土样品层间相的稳定性降低，因为330℃热处理使~14Å相转变为~10Å，表明层间相可能是有机相。h2o2或NaOCl处理后黏土有机碳含量为13 ~ 18%，2855cm−1、2926cm−1、1738cm−1、~1600cm−1和~1400cm−1处红外峰基本消失，表明黏土层间相主要为有机相。al -羟基和有机夹层都可以用x射线衍射、元素分析和红外光谱相结合的方法来评价，在层间粘土的研究中，它们应该被认为是可能的层间相。
Interlayered clays are common constituents of several soil orders. The presence of interlayering is indicated by modified thermal stability of soil vermiculites and smectites. In most studies the clays have been reported as Al-hydroxy-interlayered minerals. Despite the abundance of organic compounds in many soils, the potential existence of soil organo-clay intercalations has rarely been considered. In the present study three clay subfractions separated from the eluvial (E) horizon of one podzol from the Tatra Mts., Poland, were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and elemental CHNS analysis, in the natural state and after being subjected to organic matter removal, free iron oxides removal, saturation with different cations, and heating at 330°C and 550°C. All fractions contain a “~14Å clay”. In the natural state the “~14Å clay” shows high thermal resistance, manifested by only a partial shift to 10Å after heating at 330°C. This behavior strongly suggests the presence of interlayering. Saturation with K+shifted the ~14Å reflection to ~13–11Å, which suggests displacement of a charged species from the interlayer. Clay sample treatment with H2O2and NaOCl reduced the stability of the interlayered phase because 330° C heat treatment shifted the ~14Å phase to ~10Å, which suggests that the interlayered phase might be organic. Furthermore, the 13–18% organic carbon content of the clays and near disappearance of infrared peaks at 2855cm−1, 2926cm−1, 1738cm−1, ~1600cm−1, and ~1400cm−1after H2O2or NaOCl treatment suggests that the clay interlayer phase is mostly organic. Both Al-hydroxy and organic interlayers can be evaluated using a combination of X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy and should be considered as possible interlayer phases during the study of interlayered clays.