Knowledge of nativelike selections in an L2: The influence of exposure, memory, age of onset, and motivation in foreign language and immersion settings
Knowledge of nativelike selections in an L2: The influence of exposure, memory, age of onset, and motivation in foreign language and immersion settings
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L2 中类似母语选择的知识：外语和沉浸环境中的接触、记忆、发病年龄和动机的影响
DOI：
10.1017/s0272263113000624
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Foster,P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster,P
众所周知，以母语为母语的人的部分能力取决于对约定俗成的单词组合或类母语选择（nls）的了解。本文报告了一项调查，调查了英国和波兰的第二语言（L2）英语使用者的接受性NLS知识，以及各种自变量对这一知识的影响。结果表明，只有在浸入式环境中尽早开始（< 12岁）才能保证本土性。在起步较晚的情况下，长时间接触会在两种情况下带来适度的收益，但不会达到原生水平；对第二语言的积极感受和与之互动的动机与NLS关系不大或没有关系；语音短期记忆（pSTM）是浸入式晚起者NLS能力的唯一预测因子，在外语环境中没有发现任何影响。我们的研究结果表明，NLS受年龄效应的影响，对于晚入者来说，良好的pSTM和L2沉浸对于这一维度的L2知识的习得是必要的。
It is well established that part of native speaker competence resides in knowledge of conventionalized word combinations, or nativelike selections (NLSs). This article reports an investigation into the receptive NLS knowledge of second language (L2) users of English in both the United Kingdom and Poland and the influence of a variety of independent variables on this knowledge. Results indicate that only an early start (< 12 years old) in an immersion setting guarantees nativelikeness. Long exposure in late starters brings moderate gains in both settings but not to nativelike levels; positive feelings toward the L2 and motivation to interact in it bear little to no relationship with NLS; phonological short-term memory (pSTM) is the only predictor of NLS ability in immersion late starters, with no effect found in a foreign language setting. Our results suggest that NLS is subject to age effects and that, for late starters, a good pSTM and L2 immersion are necessary for the acquisition of this dimension of L2 knowledge.