Choice, Rationality and Welfare Measurement
Choice, Rationality and Welfare Measurement
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选择、理性与福利衡量
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Daniel A. Hojman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jerry R. Green;Daniel A. Hojman
我们提出了一种方法来评估决策者的福利，根据观察到的选择数据。无论观察到的选择是否合理，我们的方法都可以使用。我们平行的标准显示偏好理论，这确实需要合理性，通过建模的选择“好像”他们是一个特殊的决策过程的结果。然而，代替通常的偏好关系，其最大化导致的意见，我们解释选择所产生的妥协之间的一组不合理的，conciliating偏好关系。我们使用这些偏好关系作为基础来衡量决策者的福利。一般来说，我们的方法不会产生一组独特的解释偏好。因此，我们描述了所有的解释性组合的偏好，其中任何一个可以产生的数据。我们使用这组解释来计算福利变化的界限。我们表明，理性选择理论的一些标准结果可以扩展到非理性决策者。该理论可以用来探索心理学实验中发现的一些情境依赖的选择模式。
We present a method for evaluating the welfare of a decision maker, based on observed choice data. Our method can be used whether or not the observed choices are rational. We parallel the standard revealed preference theory, which does require rationality, by modeling choices "as if" they were the result of a speci…c decision making process. However, in place of the usual preference relation whose maximization induces the observations, we explain choice as arising from a compromise among a set of simultaneously-held, con‡icting preference relations. We use these preference relations as the basis to measure the decision maker’s welfare. In general our method does not yield a unique set of explanatory preferences. Thus we characterize all the explanatory combinations of preferences any one of which could generate the data. We use this set of explanations to compute bounds on welfare changes. We show that some standard results of rational choice theory can be extended to irrational decision makers. The theory can be used to explore a number of context-dependent choice patterns found in psychological experiments.