The effect of carbon taxes on emissions and carbon leakage: evidence from the European Union
The effect of carbon taxes on emissions and carbon leakage: evidence from the European Union
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碳税对排放和碳泄漏的影响：来自欧盟的证据
DOI：
10.4337/9781788111171.00013
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Maria Alsina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maria Alsina
大多数理论模型都强调了税收在减少二氧化碳排放方面的有效性，但几乎没有经验证据支持这一点。本章考察了碳税对欧盟排放和碳泄漏的真实的影响。目标是评估现有碳税的影响，以便为政策设计提供一些启示。我利用一些成员国单方面征收碳税的做法，使用1980年至2008年的面板数据，在各种规格下实施差异中的差异方法。结果表明，没有令人信服的证据表明税收降低了碳排放的水平或增长，或者它们导致了碳泄漏。这些政策的次优设计，包括对工业部门的几项豁免，可能解释了税收无效的原因。
Most theoretical models highlight the effectiveness of taxes to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions, yet little empirical evidence exists to support it. This chapter examines the real effects of carbon taxes on emissions and on carbon leakage in the European Union. The goal is to evaluate the implications of existing carbon taxes in order to shed some light on policy design. I exploit the incorporation of unilateral carbon taxes in some Member States and implement a difference-in-difference approach under various specifications, using panel data from 1980 until 2008. Results suggest that there is no compelling evidence of taxes reducing the level or growth of carbon emissions, or that they cause carbon leakage. The sub-optimal design of the policies, which include several exemptions for industrial sectors, may explain the null effects of the tax.