A Re-Examination of the Development of Castes in Mastotermes Darwiniensis Froggatt (Isoptera).
A Re-Examination of the Development of Castes in Mastotermes Darwiniensis Froggatt (Isoptera).
复制标题
重新审视达尔文巨蚁（等翅目）种姓的发展。
DOI：
10.1071/zo9770025
复制
发表时间：
1977
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
J. J. Sewell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Watson;E. Metcalf;J. J. Sewell
达尔文乳白蚁成熟群体的发育途径是可区分的形态后，蜕皮到第二龄。一条途径通过总共六个幼虫阶段通向第一个工蜂阶段。后期的工蜂可以蜕皮为幼期前的工蜂或幼期终的工蜂。第二条途径通过11个生殖若虫阶段到达有翅若虫。田间群体中的幼虫和早期工蜂比初期群体中的同龄期幼虫和早期工蜂小;最好从触角1节判断龄期。工蜂可能无限期地继续换羽而不分化。野外群体中的士兵可以从相当于2岁的工蚁在32 ℃的实验室培养中发育而来，大约18个月后才发育成熟。幼虫是短毛的，但前八个若虫阶段有浓密的长毛。若虫的珠被在第六期变成淡褐色;翅芽在第四若虫期明显。眼睛色素首先出现在第六阶段。第九期及以后的阶段有白色的珠被和短毛。有翅类有稀疏的短毛，但幼生期的是长毛;两者的珠被都有凹痕。乳白蚁的工作等级不是伪白蚁，许多其他低等白蚁也不是，包括一些木白蚁;低等白蚁的工作等级应该被称为工人。
The developmental pathways in mature field colonies of Mastotermes darwiniensis are morphologically distinguishable after the moult to the second instar. One pathway leads through a total of six larval stages to the first worker stage. Later stage workers can moult to presoldiers or neotenics. The second pathway leads through 11 reproductive nymphal stages to the alate. The larvae and early workers in field colonies are smaller than those of the same instar in incipient colonies; the instar is best judged from antenna1 segmentation. Workers may continue to moult indefinitely without differentiating. Soldiers in field colonies can develop from workers of an age equivalent to 2 years in laboratory culture at 32oC, and neotenics after the equivalent of approximately 18 months. Larvae are short-haired, but the first eight nymphal stages bear dense, long hair. The nymphal integument becomes pale brown by the sixth stage; wing buds are evident in the fourth nymphal stage. Eye pigment first appears in sixth-stage nymphs. The ninth and later stages have whitish integument and short hair. The alate has sparse, short hair, but the neotenic is long-haired; the integument of both is pitted. The working caste of Mastotermes is not pseudergate, nor are those of many other lower termites, including some kalotermitids; the working castes of lower termites should be referred to as workers.