Are adolescent substance users less satisfied with life as young adults and if so, why?
Are adolescent substance users less satisfied with life as young adults and if so, why?
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DOI：
10.1007/s11205-006-0019-6
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Klein, David J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bogart, Laura M.;Collins, Rebecca L.;Klein, David J.
本研究调查了青少年吸烟、酗酒、大麻和毒品的使用是否可以预测成年早期的生活满意度。调查数据来自 2376 名 18 岁和 29 岁青少年的纵向队列，这些青少年最初在 13 岁时从加利福尼亚州和俄勒冈州的中学招募。多变量模型的结果表明，18 岁时吸烟和吸毒与 29 岁时较低的生活满意度相关，控制了与较低生活满意度相关的青少年环境、社会和行为因素，包括心理健康状况不佳、孤独、社交技能差和黑人种族。青少年饮酒和吸食大麻与成人生活满意度没有显着相关。低收入、健康状况不佳和成年期吸烟分别独立介导了青少年吸烟与成年生活满意度之间的关系，共同解释了84.58%的效应。成人毒品使用介导了青少年毒品使用的影响，解释了 54.79% 的影响。结果表明，某些形式的青少年物质使用限制了社会经济机会，并对健康产生持久影响，从而降低生活满意度。随着时间的推移，持续使用物质也可能导致主观幸福感下降。研究结果表明，需要制定一些计划来提高社交技能并有效防止青少年使用药物，或许可以通过纳入有关长期使用药物对社会经济地位、健康和福祉造成的后果的信息。
The present study investigated whether adolescent cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, and hard drug use predicts life satisfaction in young adulthood. Survey data were used from a longitudinal cohort of 2376 adolescents at ages 18 and 29, originally recruited from California and Oregon middle schools at age 13. Results of multivariate models indicated that use of cigarettes and hard drugs at age 18 was associated with lower life satisfaction at age 29, controlling for adolescent environmental, social, and behavioral factors related to lower life satisfaction, including poor mental health, loneliness, poor social skills, and Black race. Adolescent alcohol and marijuana use were not significantly related to adult life satisfaction. Low income, poor health, and cigarette use during adulthood each independently mediated the relationship between adolescent cigarette use and adult life satisfaction, together explaining 84.58% of the effect. Adult hard drug use mediated the effect of adolescent hard drug use, explaining 54.79% of the effect. Results suggest that some forms of adolescent substance use limit socio-economic opportunities, and have a lasting effect on health, consequently decreasing life-satisfaction. Continued use of substances may also lead to lower subjective well-being over time. Findings indicate a need for programs that increase social skills and effectively prevent adolescents from using substances, perhaps by incorporating information about consequences of use for socio-economic status, health, and well-being over the long term.