Cygnus A jointly calibrated and imaged via non-convex optimization from VLA data

Cygnus A jointly calibrated and imaged via non-convex optimization from VLA data
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Cygnus A 通过 VLA 数据的非凸优化联合校准和成像

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stab1903
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Dabbech A
Dabbech A
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dabbech A

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无线电干涉 (RI) 数据是受方向相关天线增益影响的未知无线电天空的噪声欠采样空间傅立叶分量。未能准确地对这些天线增益进行建模会导致无线电天空估计的保真度和分辨率有限。最近通过联合校准和成像方法解决了 RI 逆问题,该方法包括解决非凸最小化任务,涉及方向相关效应 (DDE) 的合适先验,即时间和空间平滑度,以及在实际 RI 模拟的背景下通过 ℓ1 范数先验实现未知无线电图的稀疏性。在这些发展的基础上,我们建议通过对数和先验来促进无线电地图的稀疏性,比 ℓ1 范数更强有力地执行稀疏性。由此产生的最小化任务通过一系列由重新加权的 ℓ1 图像先验组成的非凸最小化任务来解决,这些任务是近似求解的。我们通过 Karl G. Jansky 甚大阵列在 X、C 和 S 频段对著名的射电星系天鹅座 A 进行 RI 观测,证明了该方法的效率。更准确地说,我们展示了该方法显着提高了数据保真度,同时实现了高分辨率高动态范围无线电地图,证实了考虑到未知 DDE 和无线电图像的先验的适用性。作为数据和所提出的方法所实现的高保真度的明确定性指示,我们报告了 Cyg A 附近的三个背景源 atSband 的检测。
Radio interferometric (RI) data are noisy undersampled spatial Fourier components of the unknown radio sky affected by direction-dependent antenna gains. Failure to model these antenna gains accurately results in a radio sky estimate with limited fidelity and resolution. The RI inverse problem has been recently addressed via a joint calibration and imaging approach that consists in solving a non-convex minimization task, involving suitable priors for the direction-dependent effects (DDEs), namely temporal and spatial smoothness, and sparsity for the unknown radio map via an ℓ1-norm prior, in the context of realistic RI simulations. Building on these developments, we propose to promote sparsity of the radio map via a log-sum prior, enforcing sparsity more strongly than the ℓ1norm. The resulting minimization task is addressed via a sequence of non-convex minimization tasks composed of re-weighted ℓ1image priors, which are solved approximately. We demonstrate the efficiency of the approach on RI observations of the celebrated radio galaxy Cygnus A obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array at the frequency bandsX, C, andS. More precisely, we showcase that the approach enhances data fidelity significantly while achieving high-resolution high-dynamic range radio maps, confirming the suitability of the priors considered for the unknown DDEs and radio image. As a clear qualitative indication of the high fidelity achieved by the data and the proposed approach, we report the detection of three background sources in the vicinity of Cyg A, atSband.
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