Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies
Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/70.3.516s
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
McPherson, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Key, TJ;Fraser, GE;McPherson, K
我们结合了5项前瞻性研究的数据，比较了生活方式相似的素食者和非素食者的常见疾病死亡率。这些结果的摘要已在前面报道过；我们在这里报道更多调查结果的细节。可获得76172名男女的数据。素食者是那些不吃任何肉或鱼的人（n = 27808）。通过泊松回归计算16-89岁年龄组的死亡率，并根据年龄、性别和吸烟状况对所有结果进行调整。随机效应模型用于计算所有研究合并后的效应汇总估计值。在平均10.6 y的随访后，有8330人死亡。素食者缺血性心脏病的死亡率比非素食者低24%（死亡率比：0.76;95% CI: 0.62, 0.94; P < 0.01）。素食者缺血性心脏病的死亡率在年轻时更低，并且仅限于那些遵循当前饮食50年的人。进一步的饮食分类表明，与常规肉食者相比，偶尔肉食者的缺血性心脏病死亡率低20%，吃鱼不吃肉的人低34%，乳糜素食者低34%，纯素食者低26%。素食者和非素食者在脑血管疾病、胃癌、结直肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌或所有其他原因的死亡率方面没有显著差异。
We combined data from 5 prospective studies to compare the death rates from common diseases of vegetarians with those of nonvegetarians with similar lifestyles. A summary of these results was reported previously; we report here more details of the findings. Data for 76172 men and women were available. Vegetarians were those who did not eat any meat or fish (n = 27808). Death rate ratios at ages 16-89 y were calculated by Poisson regression and all results were adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates of effect for all studies combined. There were 8330 deaths after a mean of 10.6 y of follow-up. Mortality from ischemic heart disease was 24% lower in vegetarians than in nonvegetarians (death rate ratio: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.94; P < 0.01). The lower mortality from ischemic heart disease among vegetarians was greater at younger ages and was restricted to those who had followed their current diet for >5 y. Further categorization of diets showed that, in comparison with regular meat eaters, mortality from ischemic heart disease was 20% lower in occasional meat eaters, 34% lower in people who ate fish but not meat, 34% lower in lactoovovegetarians, and 26% lower in vegans. There were no significant differences between vegetarians and nonvegetarians in mortality from cerebrovascular disease, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, or all other causes combined.