Perception, acquisition and use of ecosystem services: Human behavior, and ecosystem management and policy implications
Perception, acquisition and use of ecosystem services: Human behavior, and ecosystem management and policy implications
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生态系统服务的感知、获取和使用：人类行为、生态系统管理和政策影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoser.2014.08.003
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
J. Lawler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stanley T Asah;A. Guerry;D. Blahna;J. Lawler
生态系统服务对生计和福祉至关重要，正在重塑环境管理和政策。然而，生态系统服务的行为层面和普通人对这些服务的管理的反应，是不太清楚。生态系统服务框架有助于理解生态系统与人类行为之间的关系。根据动机功能主义的心理学理论，生态系统服务是一种动机，即启动、指导和维持人类行为的个人和社会过程。因此，人们如何感知，获取和使用生态系统服务影响他们的行为的启动，方向和强度。深入了解人们如何感知、获取和使用生态系统服务，有助于影响人们对管理和政策规定的行为遵从。我们使用焦点小组访谈来说明生态系统服务与人类行为的关系。结果表明，人们在获得直接生态系统服务的同时，感知、获取和使用间接效益。了解间接效益对通过生态系统管理和政策制定和规范人类行为具有影响。以人们自己的语言和参照系表达的感知生态系统惠益，可以促进更好地评估生态系统服务和制定价格、遵守生态系统管理和政策指令、招聘和留住生态系统管理员、制定使用政策、增强用户体验以及鼓励亲环境的态度和行为。
Ecosystem services, fundamental to livelihoods and well-being, are reshaping environmental management and policy. However, the behavioral dimensions of ecosystem services and the responses of ordinary people to the management of those services, is less well understood. The ecosystem services framework lends itself to understanding the relationship between ecosystems and human behavior. Ecosystem services, according to the psychological theory of motivational functionalism, are motivations—the personal and social processes that initiate, direct and sustain human action. Thus, how people perceive, acquire and use ecosystem services influences the initiation, direction, and intensity of their behaviors. Profound understanding of how people perceive, acquire and use ecosystem services can help influence behavioral compliance with management and policy prescriptions. We use focus group interviewing to illustrate how ecosystem services relate to human behavior. Results show that people perceive, acquire and use indirect benefits while acquiring direct ecosystem services. Understanding indirect benefits has implications for the constitution and regulation of human behavior through ecosystem management and policy. Perceived ecosystem benefits, expressed in people׳s own words and from their own frames of reference, can facilitate better valuation of ecosystem services and setting of prices, compliance with ecosystem management and policy directives, recruitment and retention of ecosystem stewards, development of use policies, enhancement of user experiences, and encouragement of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors.