Regional patterns of sex bias in child health care and excess female child mortality in India
Regional patterns of sex bias in child health care and excess female child mortality in India
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DOI：
10.2307/3654939
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Arokiasamy, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arokiasamy, P
利用印度全国家庭健康调查（1992- 1993年）的数据，这项分析记录了印度在为女童提供儿童保健方面存在的区域歧视模式的证据。这种歧视是造成印度北方和中北部各邦女童死亡率高出60-65%的一个因素。儿童死亡率方面的性别偏见遵循一种区域模式，家庭中按性别分列的儿童排名清楚地说明了这一点。在北方和中北部地区，与相应级别的男孩相比，第一个女孩的死亡率高出三分之一左右，级别较高的女孩的死亡率甚至更高。在南部和西部地区，很少有证据表明在提供保健服务时忽视女童以及相应的女童死亡率过高。在父权制社会的文化制约下，发展因素往往会减少保健和儿童死亡率方面的性别差异，尽管情况也可能相反，两性不平等往往会阻碍发展。
Using data from the National Family Health Survey of India (1992-93), this analysis documents evidence about the regional pattern of discrimination in the provision of child health care for female children in India. This discrimination is a contributing factor to the 60-65% excess female child mortality occurring in the states of the northern and north-central regions of India. Sex bias in child mortality follows a regional pattern, clearly illustrated by the sex-specific rank of children in families. In the northern and north-central regions, female child mortality compared with boys of respective rank is about one-third higher for the first girl child and even greater for girls of higher rank. In the southern and western regions, evidence of neglect of female children in health care provision and corresponding levels of excess female child mortality is very marginal. Set against the cultural constraints of a patriarchal society, developmental factors tend to reduce gender differences in health care and child mortality, though the opposite might also be the case, with gender inequalities tending to hold back development.