Orientation specificity in spatial memory: what makes a path different from a map of the path?
Orientation specificity in spatial memory: what makes a path different from a map of the path?
复制标题
空间记忆中的方向特异性：是什么使路径与路径地图不同？
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.15.5.887
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hazelrigg,MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Presson,CC;DeLange,N;Hazelrigg,MD
三项研究调查了导致空间信息以定向特定的方式存储与无定向存储的因素。在实验1中，我们重复了Presson和Hazelrigg(1984)的发现，即从小地图学习路径与直接从观察世界学习路径会导致空间记忆的不同功能特征。路线显示是显示为路径本身，还是显示为路径的大地图，并不影响信息的存储方式。在实验2中，我们考察了刺激显示的大小、世界的大小和尺度转换对地图中空间信息的存储和在以后的判断中使用的影响。在实验3中，我们考察了大小对直接观看路径的空间编码的方位特异性的影响。空间信息是以特定方向的方式存储和使用的，还是以无方向的方式存储和使用的，主要决定因素是显示器的大小。小显示器以特定于方位的方式编码，而非常大的显示器以更无方位的方式编码。这些数据支持这样一种观点，即存在不同的空间表示，一种更感性和时段性，另一种更综合和类似模型，它们是为满足移动生物体面临的不同需求而发展的。
Three studies investigated the factors that lead spatial information to be stored in an orientation-specific versus orientation-free manner. In Experiment 1, we replicated the findings of Presson and Hazelrigg (1984) that learning paths from a small map versus learning the paths directly from viewing a world leads to different functional characteristics of spatial memory. Whether the route display was presented as the path itself or as a large map of the path did not affect how the information was stored. In Experiment 2, we examined the effects of size of stimulus display, size of world, and scale transformations on how spatial information in maps is stored and available for use in later judgments. In Experiment 3, we examined the effect of size on the orientation specificity of the spatial coding of paths that are viewed directly. The major determinant of whether spatial information was stored and used in an orientation-specific or an orientation-free manner was the size of the display. Small displays were coded in an orientation-specific way, whereas very large displays were coded in a more orientation-free manner. These data support the view that there are distinct spatial representations, one more perceptual and episodic and one more integrated and model-like, that have developed to meet different demands faced by mobile organisms.