Anyonic braiding in optical lattices
Anyonic braiding in optical lattices
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0709075104
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发表时间：
2006-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Chuanwei Zhang;V. Scarola;S. Tewari;S. D. Sarma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chuanwei Zhang;V. Scarola;S. Tewari;S. D. Sarma
物质的拓扑量子态，无论是阿贝尔的还是非阿贝尔的，都是由激发来表征的，当一个激发围绕另一个激发移动(编织)时，其波函数经历了非平凡的统计变换。拓扑量子计算提出利用非阿贝尔拓扑态的拓扑保护和编织统计来进行量子计算。拓扑量子计算的巨大技术前景为实验观察拓扑态提供了新的动力。在这里，我们明确地设计了一个现实的实验方案，在一个建立在一个可调谐的健壮系统--冷原子光学晶格上的Kitaev模型中创建和编织阿贝尔拓扑激发。我们还演示了如何检测这些激发的关键特征：它们的编织统计。对这一统计数据的观察将直接确定任意子的存在，即既不是费米子也不是玻色子的量子粒子。除了建立拓扑物质，我们在这里发展的实验方案也可以适用于非阿贝尔拓扑态，由相同的Kitaev模型支持，但在不同的参数区域，最终建立拓扑保护的量子门。
Topological quantum states of matter, both Abelian and non-Abelian, are characterized by excitations whose wavefunctions undergo nontrivial statistical transformations as one excitation is moved (braided) around another. Topological quantum computation proposes to use the topological protection and the braiding statistics of a non-Abelian topological state to perform quantum computation. The enormous technological prospect of topological quantum computation provides new motivation for experimentally observing a topological state. Here, we explicitly work out a realistic experimental scheme to create and braid the Abelian topological excitations in the Kitaev model built on a tunable robust system, a cold atom optical lattice. We also demonstrate how to detect the key feature of these excitations: their braiding statistics. Observation of this statistics would directly establish the existence of anyons, quantum particles that are neither fermions nor bosons. In addition to establishing topological matter, the experimental scheme we develop here can also be adapted to a non-Abelian topological state, supported by the same Kitaev model but in a different parameter regime, to eventually build topologically protected quantum gates.