Genetic and signaling pathways of dry fruit size: targets for genome editing based crop improvement
Genetic and signaling pathways of dry fruit size: targets for genome editing based crop improvement
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DOI：
10.1111/pbi.13318
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang Hanzhong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hussain Quaid;Shi Jiaqin;Scheben Armin;Zhan Jiepeng;Wang Xinfa;Liu Guihua;Yan Guijun;King Graham J.;Edwards David;Wang Hanzhong
Fruit is seed‐bearing structures specific to angiosperm that form from the gynoecium after flowering. Fruit size is an important fitness character for plant evolution and an agronomical trait for crop domestication/improvement. Despite the functional and economic importance of fruit size, the underlying genes and mechanisms are poorly understood, especially for dry fruit types. Improving our understanding of the genomic basis for fruit size opens the potential to apply gene‐editing technology such as CRISPR/Cas to modulate fruit size in a range of species. This review examines the genes involved in the regulation of fruit size and identifies their genetic/signalling pathways, including the phytohormones, transcription and elongation factors, ubiquitin‐proteasome and microRNA pathways, G‐protein and receptor kinases signalling, arabinogalactan and RNA‐binding proteins. Interestingly, different plant taxa have conserved functions for various fruit size regulators, suggesting that common genome edits across species may have similar outcomes. Many fruit size regulators identified to date are pleiotropic and affect other organs such as seeds, flowers and leaves, indicating a coordinated regulation. The relationships between fruit size and fruit number/seed number per fruit/seed size, as well as future research questions, are also discussed.
