Role of pyro-chemical processes in advanced fuel cycles
Role of pyro-chemical processes in advanced fuel cycles
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpcs.2004.07.022
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发表时间：
2005-02
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
H. Nawada;K. Fukuda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Nawada;K. Fukuda
在燃料循环的后端产生的小锕系元素（MAs）和长寿命裂变产物（LLFP）的分配和嬗变（P&T）将是任何未来可持续核燃料循环的关键步骤之一。热化学分离方法通过回收长寿命元素，从而减少燃料循环后期对环境的影响，将成为P&T的关键阶段。本文试图概述在先进核燃料循环中所设想的热化学过程的全球发展。熔盐电精炼和熔盐萃取工艺的研究和发展需要，这些工艺预计将作为从热反应堆或快堆中分离出氧化物、金属和氮化物燃料等乏核燃料的方法；将处理后端燃料循环产生的高水平废液以及亚临界加速器驱动的亚临界反应堆的目标。小锕系元素的高温热力学数据在确定小锕系元素从其他裂变产物（如镧系元素）中回收或分离的效率方面的作用也将得到说明。此外，还讨论了确定微量锕系元素的精确高温热力学数据的必要性。
Partitioning and Transmutation (P&T) of Minor Actinides (MAs) and Long-Lived Fission Products (LLFP) arising out of the back-end of the fuel cycle would be one of the key-steps in any future sustainable nuclear fuel cycle. Pyro-chemical separation methods would form a critical stage of P&T by recovering long-lived elements and thus reducing the environmental impact by the back-end of the fuel-cycle. This paper attempts to overview global developments of pyro-chemical process that are envisaged in advanced nuclear fuel cycles. Research and development needs for molten-salt electro-refining as well as molten salt extraction process that are foreseen as partitioning methods for spent nuclear fuels such as oxide, metal and nitride fuels from thermal or fast reactors; high level liquid waste from back-end fuel cycle as well as targets from sub-critical Accelerator Driven Sub-critical reactors would be addressed. The role of high temperature thermodynamic data of minor actinides in defining efficiency of recovery or separation of minor actinides from other fission products such as lanthanides will also be illustrated. In addition, the necessity for determination of accurate high temperature thermodynamic data of minor actinides would be discussed.