Climatic variability and landscape heterogeneity impact urban mosquito diversity and vector abundance and infection
Climatic variability and landscape heterogeneity impact urban mosquito diversity and vector abundance and infection
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DOI：
10.1890/es11-00088.1
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kitron, Uriel D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaves, Luis F.;Hamer, Gabriel L.;Kitron, Uriel D.
城市生境异质性可以改变物种间的相互作用，并导致贝塔多样性格局及其相关生态系统服务在空间上的细粒度差异。在这里，我们研究了景观异质性和气候变化对(1)美国芝加哥蚊子(双翅目：蚊科)的丰富度和多样性格局以及(2)家蚊库蚊的丰度和西尼罗河病毒感染率的影响。我们在8个地点进行了一项长达四年的研究(2005-2008)，捕捉到了城市异质性的梯度。根据模型估计(CHO2+/-S.E.=20.50+/-2.29)和芝加哥的区系记录，我们发现了19种蚊子，这是该地区蚊子物种丰富度的代表性样本。我们发现，景观中的异质性是蚊子物种丰富度和多样性的最佳预测因子，异质性最大的景观中蕴藏着最多的物种。总体而言，这些年来物种丰富度没有变化，这可能与天气模式和气候变异性(WPCV)有关。相反，多样性的变化与WPCV有关。我们的结果还表明，WPCV对家蚊数量和西尼罗河病毒蚊子感染率(MIR)模式有重要影响。尽管MIR与蚊子多样性无关，但它与蚊子总丰度有关，而总丰度与物种丰富度存在凸起关系(即丰度增加到某一点后作为物种丰富度的函数而下降)。最后，我们的结果强调了将优势媒介物种视为媒介群落的一部分的重要性，其生物多样性模式可以直接或间接地影响传染病传播的风险。
Urban habitat heterogeneity can modify interactions across species and lead to spatially fine grained differences in beta-diversity patterns and their associated ecosystem services. Here, we study the impacts of landscape heterogeneity and climatic variability on: (1) the richness and diversity patterns of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and (2) the abundance and West Nile virus infection rate of the house mosquito, Culex pipiens, in Chicago, USA. We conducted a four year long study (2005-2008) in 8 sites that captured a gradient of urban heterogeneities. We found a total of 19 mosquito species, a representative sample of mosquito species richness in the area, according to both model estimation (Chao2 +/- S. E. = 20.50 +/- 2.29) and faunal records for Chicago. We found that heterogeneity in the landscape was the best predictor of both mosquito species richness and diversity, with the most heterogeneous landscapes harboring the largest number of species. In general there were no changes in species richness over the years that could be associated with weather patterns and climatic variability (WPCV). In contrast, changes in diversity were associated with WPCV. Our results also showed that WPCV had major impacts on house mosquito abundance and West Nile virus mosquito infection rate (MIR) patterns. Although MIR was independent of mosquito diversity, it was associated with overall mosquito abundance, which had a convex association with species richness (i.e., abundance increases to a point after which it decreases as function of species richness). Finally, our results highlight the importance of considering dominant vector species as part of a community of vectors, whose biodiversity patterns can directly or indirectly impact the risk of infectious disease transmission.