Influence of land use on the dynamics of soil organic carbon in northern Kazakhstan
Influence of land use on the dynamics of soil organic carbon in northern Kazakhstan
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00127.x
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kosaki, Takashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takata, Yusuke;Funakawa, Shinya;Kosaki, Takashi
不考虑当地环境条件的单一栽培土地利用会加速有机物的分解。在哈萨克斯坦北部具有重要农业和环境意义的土壤中，主要支持谷物种植，经济奖励可能鼓励这种单一栽培做法。本研究旨在阐明土地利用方式对该地区黑栗子土（DC）、南黑钙土（SC）和普通黑钙土（OC） 3种不同土壤类型土壤原位有机碳动态的影响。土壤中二氧化碳排放的波动与温度波动的模式相似。土地利用显著影响CO2排放的季节变化，特别是CO2对土壤温度敏感性的波动。为估算日CO2排放量，基于环境土壤因子、土壤类型和土地利用类型，利用Arrehenius模型逐步多元回归，建立了CO2排放量的预测方程。利用土壤环境因子可以估算出40-80%的CO2排放变化。在谷物田，年平均二氧化碳排放量估计在0.75 （DC）至1.14 (SC) Mg C ha（-1）之间，而作为植物残茬的碳输入在0.75 （DC）至1.82 (SC) Mg C ha（-1）之间。年碳收支在0.10 ~ 0.35 Mg C ha（-1）之间。夏休地的碳收支约为-0.8 Mg C ha（-1）。因此，估计典型4年轮作系统的碳收支范围为-0.42 （DC）至0.25 (OC) Mg C ha（-1）。值得注意的是，碳预算在直流电地和南流电地均为负。虽然草甸地的碳收支在0.81 ~ 1.26 Mg C ha（-1）之间，但所有样点的草甸管理都对碳固存有贡献。因此，为了防止哈萨克斯坦北部土壤有机碳的枯竭，我们建议将草甸管理作为作物轮作系统的一部分，特别是在SC和DC场地。
The practice of monoculture land use without regard for local environmental conditions can accelerate organic matter decomposition. In the agriculturally and environmentally important soils of northern Kazakhstan, which primarily support cereal cultivation, economic rewards might encourage such monoculture practices. The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of land use on the dynamics of soil organic carbon in situ for the three different soil classes, Dark Chestnut (DC), Southern Chernozem (SC) and Ordinary Chernozem (OC), in this region. Fluctuations in CO2 emission from the soils showed a similar pattern to temperature fluctuations. Land use markedly influenced the seasonal variation of CO2 emission, in particular fluctuations in CO2 sensitivity to soil temperature. To estimate daily CO2 emission, a prediction equation of CO2 emission using stepwise multiple regression of the Arrehenius model was derived from environmental soil factors by soil type and land use type. Using soil environmental factors, 40-80% of the variation in CO2 emission could be estimated. For cereal fields, the mean annual CO2 emission was estimated to range from 0.75 (DC) to 1.14 (SC) Mg C ha(-1), and carbon input as plant residues ranged from 0.75 (DC) to 1.82 (SC) Mg C ha(-1). The annual carbon budget ranged from 0.10 to 0.35 Mg C ha(-1). In contrast, the carbon budget of summer fallow fields was approximately -0.8 Mg C ha(-1). Thus, the carbon budget of the typical 4-year crop rotation system was estimated to range from -0.42 (DC) to 0.25 (OC) Mg C ha(-1). It should be noted that carbon budgets were negative at DC and SC sites. Although the carbon budget of meadow fields ranged from 0.81 to 1.26 Mg C ha(-1), meadow management at all sites contributed to carbon sequestration. Therefore, to prevent depletion of soil organic carbon in northern Kazakhstan, we recommend that meadow management be introduced as part of the crop rotation system, especially at SC and DC sites.