It Takes a Village: The Multifaceted Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Vaccine-Induced Immunity.
It Takes a Village: The Multifaceted Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Vaccine-Induced Immunity.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2022.840225
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Baldwin SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Larsen SE;Williams BD;Rais M;Coler RN;Baldwin SL
尽管与人类共同进化了几个世纪，并被深入研究了几十年，但对结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)的免疫保护作用尚未完全确定。这种认识上的失误是评估和推进有效候选疫苗的管道中的一大滞后。虽然CD4+T辅助细胞1(TH1)前炎症反应在控制结核分枝杆菌感染方面具有重要作用，但历史上对这一细胞群体的狭隘关注可能已经掩盖了免疫系统其他必要手臂的特征。在过去的十年里，结核病(TB)研究界故意和密集地增加了对其他免疫参与者的调查广度。在这里，我们回顾了临床前的机械性研究和临床轶事，这些研究表明不同的细胞类型，如NK细胞、CD8+T细胞、γδT细胞和B细胞，对感染或疾病预防的影响程度。此外，我们分类概述了观察到的每种主要细胞类型在疫苗诱导免疫中所起的作用，包括牛分枝杆菌卡介苗(BCG)。通过临床前或临床流水线推进的新型候选疫苗利用不同的平台(例如，蛋白质+佐剂、载体、核酸)有目的地诱导复杂的免疫反应，我们回顾了这些设计原理和迄今的结果。作为一个社区，我们越好地了解针对结核分枝杆菌的免疫反应的基本组成、规模、时间和贩运，我们就越接近减少结核病在全球范围内对人类健康造成的严重疾病负担和损失。
Despite co-evolving with humans for centuries and being intensely studied for decades, the immune correlates of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have yet to be fully defined. This lapse in understanding is a major lag in the pipeline for evaluating and advancing efficacious vaccine candidates. While CD4+ T helper 1 (TH1) pro-inflammatory responses have a significant role in controlling Mtb infection, the historically narrow focus on this cell population may have eclipsed the characterization of other requisite arms of the immune system. Over the last decade, the tuberculosis (TB) research community has intentionally and intensely increased the breadth of investigation of other immune players. Here, we review mechanistic preclinical studies as well as clinical anecdotes that suggest the degree to which different cell types, such as NK cells, CD8+ T cells, γ δ T cells, and B cells, influence infection or disease prevention. Additionally, we categorically outline the observed role each major cell type plays in vaccine-induced immunity, including Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Novel vaccine candidates advancing through either the preclinical or clinical pipeline leverage different platforms (e.g., protein + adjuvant, vector-based, nucleic acid-based) to purposefully elicit complex immune responses, and we review those design rationales and results to date. The better we as a community understand the essential composition, magnitude, timing, and trafficking of immune responses against Mtb, the closer we are to reducing the severe disease burden and toll on human health inflicted by TB globally.
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Metcalfe HJ;Steinbach S;Jones GJ;Connelley T;Morrison WI;Vordermeier M;Villarreal-Ramos B
通讯作者：
Villarreal-Ramos B
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Szabo A;Gogolak P;Pazmandi K;Kis-Toth K;Riedl K;Wizel B;Lingnau K;Bacsi A;Rethi B;Rajnavolgyi E
通讯作者：
Rajnavolgyi E
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Cayabyab, Mark J.;Qin, Lizeng;Kashino, Suely S.;Izzo, Angelo;Campos-Neto, Antonio
通讯作者：
Campos-Neto, Antonio
影响因子：
--
作者：
Morris D;Nguyen T;Kim J;Kassissa C;Khurasany M;Luong J;Kasko S;Pandya S;Chu M;Chi PT;Ly J;Lagman M;Venketaraman V
通讯作者：
Venketaraman V