TOPICAL BUPIVACAINE AND PROPARACAINE - A COMPARISON OF TOXICITY, ONSET OF ACTION, AND DURATION OF ACTION
TOPICAL BUPIVACAINE AND PROPARACAINE - A COMPARISON OF TOXICITY, ONSET OF ACTION, AND DURATION OF ACTION
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DOI：
10.1097/00003226-199305000-00008
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发表时间：
1993-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
BEUERMAN, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LIU, JC;STEINEMANN, TL;BEUERMAN, RW
布比卡因是一种局部眼部麻醉剂，当通过球后注射给药时具有长的作用持续时间。为了确定布比卡因作为局部眼部麻醉剂的可能性，研究了不同浓度布比卡因滴入兔眼后的起效时间、作用持续时间和毒性。起效时间和持续时间与局部0.5%丙美卡因无显著差异。将布比卡因溶液的pH值从5.7增加到6.5几乎使作用持续时间增加了一倍，但这种增加不足以具有临床意义。裂隙灯生物显微镜检查和扫描电镜检查表明，布比卡因对角膜上皮的毒性小于0.5%丙美卡因。与0.5%丙美卡因治疗的眼相比，0.75%布比卡因治疗的眼角膜切除术后愈合明显更快。这些结果表明，布比卡因可能比丙美卡因对角膜上皮的毒性更小，并且可能在临床上用于局部眼部麻醉，特别是如果药理学修饰可以增加这种药物提供的麻醉持续时间。
Bupivacaine is a local ocular anesthetic with a long duration of action when administered by retrobulbar injection. To determine the potential for the use of bupivacaine as a topical ocular anesthetic, the onset and duration of action and toxicity of various concentrations of bupivacaine were studied after instillation in rabbit eyes. The onset and duration of action were not significantly different from that of topical 0.5% proparacaine. Increasing the pH of the bupivacaine solution from 5.7 to 6.5 nearly doubled the duration of action, but the increase was not sufficient to be clinically important. Slit lamp biomicroscopic examination and scanning electron microscopy showed that bupivacaine was less toxic to the corneal epithelium than 0.5% proparacaine. Healing after keratectomy was significantly more rapid in eyes treated with 0.75% bupivacaine, compared with eyes treated with 0.5% proparacaine. These results suggest that bupivacaine may be less toxic to the corneal epithelium than proparacaine and could be clinically useful for topical ocular anesthesia, particularly if pharmacologic modifications can increase the duration of anesthesia provided by this drug.