The product space conditions the development of nations
The product space conditions the development of nations
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1144581
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发表时间：
2007-07-27
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Hausmann, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hidalgo, C. A.;Klinger, B.;Hausmann, R.
经济增长是通过提高其生产和出口的产品的档次来实现的。制造新产品所需的技术、资本、制度和技能，从某些产品中借鉴比从其他产品中借鉴更容易。在这里，我们研究了产品之间的相关性网络，或“产品空间”，发现更复杂的产品位于连接密集的核心，而不太复杂的产品占据了连接较少的外围。从经验上看，各国通过开发与其目前生产的产品接近的产品，在产品空间中移动。大多数国家只能通过经验上不常见的距离才能到达核心，这可能有助于解释为什么穷国难以发展更具竞争力的出口，也无法向富国的收入水平靠拢。
Economies grow by upgrading the products they produce and export. The technology, capital, institutions, and skills needed to make newer products are more easily adapted from some products than from others. Here, we study this network of relatedness between products, or "product space," finding that more-sophisticated products are located in a densely connected core whereas less-sophisticated products occupy a less-connected periphery. Empirically, countries move through the product space by developing goods close to those they currently produce. Most countries can reach the core only by traversing empirically infrequent distances, which may help explain why poor countries have trouble developing more competitive exports and fail to converge to the income levels of rich countries.